Module 6 War and Peace
词汇短语园地
1. abandon v. 放弃，抛弃
（1）abandon sb to sth （不顾责任、义务等）遗弃某人给……
The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.
研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。
（2）abandon sth （to sb/sth） 不得已而放弃/舍弃
They had to abandon their lands and property to the invading forces.
他们不得不放弃土地和财产，让侵略军占领。
（3）abandon oneself to sth 陷入/沉湎于某种感情
He abandoned himself to despair.
他陷入绝望。
2. drown v. 淹死，使溺死
Two children drowned after falling into the river.
两个孩子掉进河里淹死了。
（1）drown sth in sth 把某物浸泡在……里
The fruit was drowned in cream.
水果在奶油里泡过。
（2）drown sb/sth out 压过/盖过某人/某物
She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door.
他开大了收音机的音量以压过隔壁房间的吵闹声。
3. occupy v. 占领；使用，占用（空间、
面积、时间等）
The capital has been occupied by the rebel army.
叛军已占领了首都。
How much memory does the program occupy？
这个程序占用了多少内存？
4. rescue v. 营救，拯救
rescue sb/sth （from sth/sb）（从某事中/某人手里）救出某人/某物
He rescued a child from drowning.
他救起了一名落水儿童。
比较：save和rescue的区别
两者均可表示“救”。save属于普通用词，使用广泛，主要指把处于危险或危机状态中的人或物解救出来；而rescue则强调动作的迅速，指从直接的或迫在眉睫的危险中解救出来。两者常可换用。
The brave firemen saved （rescued） people from a burning house.
勇敢的消防人员从燃烧的房子里把人救了出来。
The house was rescued （saved） from demolition.
这所房子保住了，可以不拆。
5. drop vt. 扔下，投下
vi. 掉下，落下；（液体）滴落，
滴下；（价格、劲势等）下降，
下跌；累倒，累垮
I dropped the letter into the mailbox.
我将信投入信箱。
Tears dropped from her eyes.
泪水从她眼中滴落下来。
The price of coffee has dropped.
咖啡的价格已经降下来了。
drop back/behind 后退，落后，
drop by/in/round = drop in on sb 顺便访问，顺便进入
drop off 打盹儿，小睡
drop out （of sth） 不再参加，退出，脱离
6. mess n. 混乱的局面，麻烦，困境；杂乱
The economy is in a mess.
经济陷入了困境。
The whole situation is a mess.
整个情况都是一团糟。
7. worthwhile adj. 值得做的，有价值的，
有用的
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.
她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。
（1）worthwhile to do sth 值得去做某事
It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.
把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。
（2）worthwhile doing sth 值得做某事
It didn’t seem worthwhile writing it all out again.
把它都再写出来似乎不必要。
8. encourage v. 鼓舞，鼓励
（1）encourage sb in sth 在某事上鼓励某人
My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.
在我选择职业时父母总是鼓励我。
（2）encourage sth in sb/sth 在某人/某物上助长某事
They claim that some computer games encourage violent behavior in young children.
他们声称有些电脑游戏助长儿童的暴力行为。
9. arm v. 装备，武装
arm oneself/sb with sth 用某物武装自己/某人
The crowd armed themselves with sticks and stones.
群众拿起棍棒和石块武装自己。
She had armed herself for the meeting with all the latest statistics.
为了这次会议，她准备了所有最新的统计资料。
10. make a breakthrough 取得重大突破（进展）
The key to the problems is to make a breakthrough with a clear aim.
有针对性地寻找突破是解决这些问题的关键。
11. pick up 停下来让某人搭车（船等）；
救起
He picked me up a few days later for a movie and dinner.
几天后他来接我，我们一起看电影，吃晚饭。
幽默小故事
One day， a father and his little son were going home. At this age， the boy was interested in all kinds of things and was always asking questions. He asked， “What’s the meaning of the word ‘drunk’， Dad？” “Well， my son，” his father replied， “look， there are two standing policemen. If I regard the two policemen as four， then I am drunk.”
“But， Dad，” the boy said， “there’s only ONE policeman！”
跟踪导练（一）
阅读理解
On May 1， 1926， Ford Motor Company became one of the first American companies to adopt a five-day， 40-hour week. It was something workers and labor unions had been calling for. However， the five-day workweek was to increase productivity. With more time and money， workers were expected to buy and use the products they were making. Manufacturers soon followed Ford’s lead， and the Monday-to-Friday workweek became standard practice.
Since then， everything has changed but the hours. Many people worked longer， which severely influenced health and well-being， as well as the environment. Until the Second World War， it was common for one person in a family， usually the oldest male， to work full-time. Women gradually made up 42 percent of the world’s full-time workforce. Later， technology made lots of work unnecessary， with computers and robots doing many tasks previously performed by humans.