Module 5 The Great Sports Personality
1. retire vi. 退休，退职
vt. 使退休，令退职
My dream is to retire to a villa in France.
我的梦想是退休后在法国住上一栋别墅。
She was retired on medical grounds.
她由于健康原因退休了。
（1） retire from sth 从……退休
She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.
她由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。
（2）retire as sth 从……位子上退休
He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
他还不打算从杂志编辑的位子上退休。
2. perform vi. 表现;工作，运转（好/不好）
vt. 做，履行，执行;演出，表演
Our team performed very well in yesterday’s games.
在昨天的运动会上我们队表现出色。
The engine seems to be performing well.
发动机似乎运转正常。
She performs an important role in our organization.
她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。
The play was first performed in 1987.
这出剧于1987年首次演出。
3. advantage n. 优势，有利条件;长处
She had the advantage of a good education.
她具备良好教育的优势。
Is there any advantage of getting there early？
早到那里是否有利？
（1）take advantage of sth/sb 利用……;占……的便宜
We took full advantage of the hotel facilities.
我们充分利用了宾馆设施。
He took advantage of my generosity.
他利用我的慷慨占了便宜。
（2）to sb’s advantage 对某人有利
It would be to your advantage to attend this meeting.
参加这次会议会对你有利。
4. score vt. 得分;分值是，得……分;评分，
打分数
vi. 得分;记分
n. 得分，比分
She scored 98 in the French test.
她法语考试考了98分。
Score three points on your list for our side.
在你的单子上为我们这边记上3分。
The tests are scored by psychologists.
测验由心理学家评分。
Fraser scored again in the second half.
弗雷泽在下半场时再次得分。
Who is going to score？
谁来记分呢？
（1）score off sb（尤指在辩论等活动中机灵地）驳倒，挫败
He was always trying to score off his teachers.
他总和老师抬杠。
（2）score sth out/through 划掉;删去
His name had been scored out on the list.
他的名字已从名单上划掉了。
（3）in scores 很多地，大批地
People poured in scores.
人们大量涌入。
（4）keep （the） score 记分
I’ll keep （the） score for the football match.
我来为足球比赛记分。
（5）on this/that score 就这个/那个来说;
在这个/那个问题上
You don’t have to worry on that score.
你不必担心那件事。
5. quality n.特性，特征;品德，品性，人品，素质;质量，品质
One quality of wood is that it can burn.
木头的一个特性是能燃烧。
These are good personal qualities， such as honesty and generosity.
这些是好的个人品质，比如诚实、慷慨。
When costs are cut， product quality suffers.
一降低成本，产品质量就会受到影响。
6. victory n. 胜利，成功
She is confident of victory in Saturday’s final.
她对在星期六的决赛中取得胜利充满信心。
We won a victory over/against the enemy.
我们战胜了敌人。
sweep to victory 大获全胜;轻易取胜
He swept to victory in the final of the championship.
他轻而易举地在锦标赛的决赛中获胜了。
7. declare vt.宣布，公布，宣告;表明，宣称，断言
（1）后跟名词
The government has declared a state of emergency.
政府已宣布进入紧急状态。
（2）后跟从句
The court declared that strike action was illegal.
法庭宣判那次罢工行为不合法。
（3）后跟复合结构
① 后跟带名词的复合结构
The government has declared the area a national park.
政府已宣布这个地区为国家公园。
② 后跟带形容词的复合结构
I declare this bridge open.
我宣布这座桥正式启用。
③ 后跟带分词的复合结构
At 3：30 pm the chairman declared Wang Li elected as the new chairman.
下午三点半主席宣布王立当选新任主席。
④ 后跟带不定式to的复合结构
The expert declared this painting to be a forgery.
专家判定这幅画为赝品。
⑤ 后跟带介词短语的复合结构
These boys declared themselves against cheating in the exam.
这些男孩声明他们自己反对考试作弊。
（1）declare for sb/sth 声明支持，表示赞成
The people here have declared for peace.
这里的人们已经声明支持和平。
（2）declare against sb/sth 声明反对，表示不赞成
He declared against the proposal.
他声明反对这一提议。
8. on the increase 正在增加
Homelessness is on the increase.
无家可归者越来越多。
Is the consumption of beer still on the increase？
啤酒的消耗量仍在增加吗？
on business 出差
on duty 值班
on end 连续地，不断地;竖着，直立着
on the air 在广播，在放送
on the spot 当场;在现场;在原地
on the way to 去……的路上
9. rise to one’s feet 某人站起身
Please rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.
来宾进来时请大家站起来。
When he finally decided to go out， he found he could not rise to his feet.
当他最终决定走出去时，他发现自己无法站立起来。
be back on one’s feet 恢复，完全康复
feet first 脚先着地，脚先入水（作状语）
find one’s feet 会走路，适应新环境
get a foot in the door 获得机会参加
get/have cold feet 临阵退缩，害怕起来