Unit 5 Revealing nature

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础训练

根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。 单词拼写

1.Through Jack’s words， I strongly s that he was lying to us.

2.That sort of behavior is a d to the legal profession and will be hated by others.

3.You are expected to a the call with fast actions.

4.In the course of e ， some birds have lost the power of flight.

5.Many well-known g have participated in the survey of this area.

6.We’ve got more （种子） than we need. We can spare you some.

7.The Mars is （遥远的） from Earth so it will take more than six months for a spaceship to arrive at it.

8.Those stone tools indicate the early cultural abilities of our human （祖先）.

9.The Employment Minister said the changes in society would （创造） new jobs.

10.They took （样本） of the patients’ blood to carry out the research.

用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 选择填空

adapt to be similar to be crowded with come to exist  in question

1. The restaurant customers at meal times.

2. When they moved to France， the children the change very well.

3. No one knows exactly when the tradition of eating dumplings .

4. The plot of movie that of many other movies.

5. I’m only worried about Tom’s attitude to the job because his ability is not .

课文语法填空

The captain of the ship， the Beagle， wanted to find someone who would benefit from the chance of visiting distant countries. A young man 1 had left medical school without completing his degree answered the call. He received a letter 2 （predict） that he would be “ 3 disgrace to yourself and all your family”. However， the journey was full of important scientific 4 （discovery）.

The journey gave the young man the chance 5 （study） various living things in their natural environments. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar， and guessed that maybe animals evolved as they adapted 6 their changing environments. He suspected that some animals had evolved from a common ancestor. The guess was beyond traditional thoughts at that time， when people believed that all species 7 （appear） on Earth at the same time， and had not changed since. The young man brought up a 8 （complete） new idea—a theory of 9 （evolve）. He wrote a book named On the Origin of Species to explain his new theory， which immediately 10 （cause） a storm. But the young man’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people began to believe the theory. The young man was the famous geologist and naturalist， Charles Darwin.

1.   2.   3.   4.   5.

6.   7.   8.   9.   10.

能力提升

阅读理解

Food storing is common in members of the crow （乌鸦） family. A new study tested the birds outside this naturally occurring behavior， which may have evolved specifically because it gives crows a survival advantage. Some crow species are known to naturally use tools to recover food. So the researchers tested whether the birds could store and recover a tool so they could get it at their food after a gap （间隔） of 17 hours—something we wouldn’t expect them to do naturally. But they were able to quickly select the tool out of a number of unnecessary items.

In another experiment， the researchers taught crows to select a token （礼品券） from a number of items so that they could then exchange for food. Again， the birds then showed that they could plan for the future using this new behavior.

These studies have shown that animals can plan for the future—but they left an important question open for debate. Are animals only able to plan to use abilities that have evolved to give them a specific advantage， or can they flexibly and intelligently apply planning behavior across various actions？ Most critics would say the former， as the animals were tested in naturally occurring behaviors.

But the new research provides the first evidence that animal species can plan for the future using behavior that doesn’t typically occur in nature. This supports the view that at least some cognitive （认知的） abilities in animals don’t evolve just in response to specific problems. Instead， it suggests that animals can apply these behaviors flexibly across problems in a similar way to humans. We need to investigate how flexible behaviors evolved. Then we might be able to see how the crows’ ability to plan for the future fits in with their broader cognitive powers.

1. What’s the new finding about the crows according to Paragraph 1？

A. They can store food. B. They can recover tools.

C. They can use tools. D. They can select food.

2. What are crows trained to do by scientists when given a token？

A. Reject it immediately. B. Exchange it for food.

C. Save it as their food. D. Build a nest with it.

3. What do scientists think of the studies that animals can plan for the future？