细读文本，剖析人物性格

【问题导读】

目前，高考英语读后续写主要以记叙文为主，故事的发展主要围绕几个核心人物。在记叙文中，核心人物的性格直接影响续写的情节构思。因此，核心人物性格的解读和判断显得尤为重要。在续写时，我们面临的主要问题有两个：

1. 如何通过解读原文，判断出人物的主要性格类型？

2. 如何依据人物的性格，合情合理地预测人物接下来的动作与选择，并有逻辑且连贯地创作故事？

【名师导学】

1. 人物的心理、外貌、行为等描写往往显露出人物的性格。因此，在解读原文时，做标注能够帮助我们准确地描述人物性格。下面提供一种阅读时做标注的范式。

2. 在运用形容词描述人物后，我们可以依据九型人格理论图确定人物的性格类型，并据此预测人物接下来的动作与选择，构思结局。

3. 在续写后，我们可以将自己续写的内容与原文进行对比，分析续写内容与原文的人物性格的连贯程度和故事情节发展的合理程度。

【案例导引】

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

After Twenty Years

The short story After Twenty Years is set in New York on a cold， dark night. Mostpeople had left work to go home， and this part of the city was quiet. A policeman who waschecking the area saw a man outside a shop. He went up to the man and found he had ascar on his face. They had a chat and the man started to tell his story.

“ Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man，“ I dined here at‘ Big Joe’ Bradys with Jimmy Wells， my best chum， and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here inNew York， just like two brothers， together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The nextmorning I was to start for the West to make my fortune. You couldnt have dragged Jimmyout of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well， we agreed that night thatwe would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time， no matter what ourconditions might be or how long the distance might be. We figured that in twenty yearseach of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made， whatever they weregoing to be.”

“It sounds pretty interesting，” said the policeman.“ Rather a long time between meetings，though， it seems to me. Havent you heard from your friend since you left？”

“Well， yes， for a time we corresponded，” said the other.“ But after a year or two welost track of each other. You see， the West is pretty big， and I kept hustling around over it.But I know Jimmy will meet me here if hes alive， for he always was the truest， staunchestold chap in the world. Hell never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight，and its worth it if my old partner turns up.”

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1：

The policeman turned out to be Jimmy. The scar told him it was Bob， his old friend， a man now wanted by the police._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Paragraph 2：

Bob， now 58， stepped out of the jail， looking around._________________________________________________________________________________

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一、获取基本要素

一对曾经的好友鲍勃和吉米相约20年后在纽约的一家餐厅见面。去西部打拼归来，鲍勃在约定好的时间和地点却等来了一位巡警。巡警小心地询问着鲍勃的情况，二人的对话由此展开。小说的标题为“二十年后”，暗指二十年后两位年少时的好友历经世事沧桑后的改变。本文的体裁为小说，第三人称视角的叙述方式能让作者突破时空的限制，直击主人公的内心世界。小说情节的安排极具戏剧化，内容主要以人物对话为主，对话简洁且口语化，其中多处运用反语和讽刺的表现手法，生动地塑造出吉米和鲍勃截然不同的性格，揭露人物在面临选择时展现出的真实且矛盾的人性。此处，本文巧妙地节选了前半部分，且给出了最后两段的首句，这使得结局耐人寻味。下面是小说的五大基本要素。

二、厘清故事情节

故事山是一种帮助学生了解故事结构的工具。 故事山能让学生在阅读文本后再次审视故事的人物、情节、事件，从而得到对文本更清晰的总体意识。

三、剖析人物性格

仔细阅读文本，在原文中找出与主人公相关的细节描写，运用下面的九型人格理论图帮助我们描述人物，准确定位小说中主人公的主要性格类型，并据此判断主人公在后文面临选择时的决定。

四、做比较，猜结局

在判断出人物的性格后，我们可以将人物的性格进行比较，分析人物之间的关系，想象人物后续可能做出的选择，猜测结局。

Make a comparison between the policeman and Jimmy based on their personalities，and use the following questions to help you predict an ending.

1. What can you find out？ Are they similar or different？ How？ What could be the relationship between them？

2. Would Jimmy keep the promise and come to meet the man？

3. If Jimmy is the policeman， what do you think he would choose between devotion to duty and loyalty to friendship？