J. R. R. Tolkien: The father of fantasy literature“现代奇幻文学之父”托尔金
作者: 李全忠英国作家托尔金被誉为“现代奇幻文学之父”。他的作品享誉世界,《霍比特人》《魔戒》等广为人知,是奇幻文学中的经典。
1 On January 3, 1892, Mabel Tolkien gave birth to her first son, John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, in South Africa. Known thereafter as J. R. R., he would go on to create a literary universe that would become known throughout the world, making him one of the most famous writers of all time.
2 Tolkien s mother, however, did not live to see her son s success—she died when he was only 12. But it was she who laid the foundation for his later career by reading him fairy tales and legends and teaching him Latin, French and German.
3 Tolkien stood out as an exceptionally good student. Fascinated by languages and old English myths, he and some classmates at King Edward s School founded their own semi secret society called the Tea Club Barrovian Society, where they discussed literature and poetry. During this time, Tolkien also began to write. It wasn t long before he was inventing his own language—something he would also apply to his later novels.
4 Tolkien first studied the classical languages of Latin and Greek at Exeter College, Oxford, before enthusiastically turning to Welsh.
5 Tolkien originally intended The Hobbit to be a bedtime story for his children. He invented the word “hobbits” and imagined them to be small human like creatures with fur on their feet, who lived in caves. He also gave hobbits some characteristics that he himself possessed: a love of nature, simple cooking and an aversion (厌恶) to travel.
6 Many years passed before Tolkien submitted the story to a publisher. When The Hobbit was published in 1937, it captivated (迷住) readers of all ages and quickly gained fame.
7 However, it took 15 years until Tolkien published The Lord of the Rings. After all, writing was his hobby, not his profession.
8 The fantasy epic The Lord of the Rings was published in the mid 1950s and made the British professor the author of the century. Tolkien has since become a cult (作为偶像崇拜的) figure, with The Lord of the Rings alone selling over 150 million copies to date.
9 Although the world famous author died in 1973, his stories still captivate the world today.
Ⅰ. Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What contributed to Tolkien s later career?
A. His early efforts.
B. His family background.
C. His mother s early education.
D. His love for writing fairy tales.
Detail 2. What do we know about the Tea Club Barrovian Society?
A. It was founded publicly.
B. It involved literature and poetry.
C. It was the birthplace of The Hobbit.
D. It encouraged Tolkien to invent his language.
Inference 3. Why did it take Tolkien so many years to publish The Lord of the Rings?
A. He worked as a professor after all.
B. He lacked inspiration to write novels.