葛根素浓度对大鼠成骨细胞增殖的影响

作者: 王海珍 周婷婷 徐波

葛根素浓度对大鼠成骨细胞增殖的影响0

【摘要】  目的  通过动物实验观察葛根素在体外对大鼠成骨细胞增殖能力的影响,探讨其临床作用机理。方法 分离新生SD大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞(OB),将分离培养后的OB随机分为7份,其中6份作为实验组分别放入不同浓度(1×10-5mol/L~1×10-10mol/L)的葛根素培养基中;1份作为对照组放入不含葛根素的培养基中。观察两组成骨细胞放入7种不同培养基后不同时间点的细胞形态、贴壁、生长、吸光度(OD值)等情况。结果  显微镜下可见,三代OB培养第7d,对照组中细胞形态呈现出多种不规整形状;而实验组中在葛根素浓度为1×10-10mol/L中细胞形态呈现出短梭形、三角形、多角形等,胞浆向外伸展;在葛根素浓度为1×10-7mol/L中细胞形态单一,呈长梭形,胞浆向外伸展。增殖柱状图显示,培养3d后各组OB数量开始迅速增多,尤其是葛根素浓度达到1×10-7mol/L组,细胞增殖数量远超过对照组和高浓度组,但此后随葛根素浓度降低,细胞增殖数量有逐渐降低的趋势。3d后葛根素浓度为1×10-7mol/L及以下组的OD均显著升高(P<0.05);而5d和7d时,葛根素浓度为1×10-5mol/L和1×10-6mol/L的实验组OD值低于对照组(P<0.05)。表明当葛根素浓度在1×10-10mol/L至1×10-7mol/L范围内对OB均有促增值作用,且随着浓度的增高作用增强,但浓度再高则有抑制增值作用。结论  葛根素具有明显促进大鼠成骨细胞增殖作用,其作用与葛根素的浓度有关,当葛根素的浓度为1×10-7mol/L对大鼠成骨细胞的促增殖作用最强。

【关键词】  葛根素;葛根异黄酮;成骨细胞增殖;骨修复

中图分类号  R285.5    文献标识码  A    文章编号  1671-0223(2023)17--04

Effect of different puerarin concentrations on the proliferation of rat osteoblasts in vitro  Wang Haizhen, Zhou Tingting, Xu Bo. Hebei Rehabilitation Hospital, Qinhuangdao 066000, China

【Abstract】  Objective  To observe the effect of puerarin on the proliferation ability of rat osteoblasts in vitro through animal experiments, and explore its clinical mechanism of action. Method  To isolate osteoblasts from the skull cap of newborn SD rats, the isolated and cultured osteoblasts were randomly divided into 7 parts, of which 6 were used as experimental groups and placed in different concentrations (1×10-5 mol/ml~1×10-10mol/ml )of puerarin medium; 1 serving as the control group was placed in a culture medium without puerarin. Observe the cell morphology, adhesion, growth, and absorbance (OD) of the two components of bone cells at different time points after being placed in 7 different culture media. Results  Under the microscope, it can be seen that on the 7th day of third-generation OB culture, the cell morphology in the control group showed various irregular shapes; In the experimental group, the concentration of puerarin was 1×10-10mol/L medium cells exhibit short spindle shaped, triangular, polygonal shapes, and the cytoplasm extends outward; When the concentration of puerarin is 1×10-7mol/L, the cell morphology is single, showing a long spindle shape, and the cytoplasm extends outward. The proliferation bar chart shows that after 3 days of cultivation, the number of OBs in each group began to rapidly increase, especially when the concentration of puerarin reached 1×10-7mol/L , the number of cell proliferation was much higher than that of the control group and low concentration group. However, as the concentration of puerarin decreased, the number of cell proliferation gradually decreased. After 3 days, the concentration of puerarin is 1×10-7mol/L The OD of groups with concentrations of and below significantly increased (P<0.05); At 5d and 7d, the concentration of puerarin is 1×10-5mol/L and 1×10-6mol/L. The OD value of the experimental group with was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Indicates that when the concentration of puerarin is at 1×10-10mol/L to 1×10-7mol/L Within the range of , there is a promoting effect on OB proliferation, and the effect increases with the increase of concentration. However, higher concentrations have an inhibitory effect on OB proliferation. Conclusion  Puerarin has a significant promoting effect on rat osteoblast proliferation, which is related to the concentration of puerarin. When the concentration of puerarin is 1×10-7mol/L has the strongest proliferative effect on rat osteoblasts.

【Key words】   Puerarin; Puerarin isoflavones; Osteoblasts; Bone repai

葛根,是豆科植物野葛干燥的根,习称野葛,首载于《神农本草经》,主消渴,身大热,呕吐,诸痹,起阴气,解诸毒。[1]其性甘、辛,凉,有解肌退热,生津止渴,升阳止泻,透疹之功,传统医学常用于表证发热,热病口渴,阴虚消渴,项背强痛,热泻热痢,脾虚泄泻,麻疹不透等症。葛根及其制剂因疗效确切已经广泛应用于临床各科室。已有的研究证实,葛根素具有松弛平滑肌,起到解痉作用;具有松弛血管平滑肌,进而扩张冠脉,改善心肌供血,缓解心绞痛;葛根素干预细胞膜的离子转运,进而起到抗心律失常以及降压的作用;葛根素具有β-肾上腺素能受体拮抗作用,故而能减慢心率,降低外周阻力,改善心功能和心肌代谢。实验发现葛根素有改善肾功、降糖、抗癌、调高机体免疫力、抗血小板聚集等诸多功效[2]。目前关于葛根在外科疾病系统的研究也有了新的进展,包括对成骨前体细胞增殖、骨质疏松、骨折愈合的影响以及葛根素用于临床修复骨细胞等[3-5]。目前人群2型糖尿病患者越来越多,据不完全统计,全世界每3s即有1位糖尿病患者因足坏疽而截肢。糖尿病足除了常见的局部组织、神经、血管坏死以外,多还伴有下肢末梢骨质破坏[6],高糖环境对骨质具有破坏作用 [7],因此不少患者在入院时由于已经存在明显足趾骨坏死的情况,而不得不面临截肢的选择。临床实践显示,采用葛根制剂药物的综合治疗,对糖尿病足骨组织的修复确实有一定作用,这种作用可能主要得益于其中的葛根异黄酮,此外有研究显示葛根素亦有明显抑菌作用[8],可有效抑制患肢高糖环境下细菌的增殖,为骨修复提供良好的生长条件。本研究通过动物实验,探讨不同葛根素浓度在体外对大鼠成骨细胞的增殖修复作用[9],为葛根素在骨损伤领域的应用提供理论依据。

1  材料与方法

1.1  实验动物

采用新生SD(sprague dawley)大鼠10只,雌雄不限,4周龄,平均体重105±5g,购于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司。实验动物均在22±3℃室温、灯光12h交替,相对湿度50±5%的条件,实验室清洁卫生,保持自然光照及空气流通,全程大鼠置于鼠笼中饲料喂养。实验过程及处置符合《关于善待实验动物的指导性意见》要求。

1.2  主要药品与试剂

(1)主要药品:葛根素(100mg/支)(北京四环科宝制药有限公司),青霉素、链霉素(80万u)(华北制药厂),胰蛋白酶、低糖DMEM干粉(Gibco公司),胎牛血清(fetal bovine serum,FBS)(中国医学科学院血液病研究所科技公司),PBS缓冲液(北京谱析科技有限公司)。

(2)主要试剂及配置方法:骨消化液(含10g/LⅡ型胶原酶,2.5g/L胰蛋白酶),0.25%胰酶(0.25g胰酶溶解于100ml PBS缓冲溶液中,0.22µm滤膜除菌分装,-20℃保存,4℃溶解),双抗(80万u青霉素、链霉素,80ml超纯水混匀,0.22µm滤膜过滤分装,-20℃保存,4℃溶解),普通完全培养基(DMEM干粉、NaHCO3、超纯水充分混匀溶解,PH值在7.0~7.2间,0.22µm滤膜除菌分装,4℃保存。用前加双抗、FBS,青霉素、链霉素浓度分别为每毫升含100u;FBS浓度为10%),cck-8试剂盒(Cell Counting Kit-8)(碧云天生物技术有限公司)。

(3)主要仪器: CO2培养箱;超净台(forma scientific company),倒置相差显微镜(Nikon公司),超纯水器(杭州永洁达净化科技有限公司),低温高速离心机(Sigma-SK),酶免疫检测仪(BIO-RAD公司)。

1.3  实验方法

1.3.1  成骨细胞提取及传代  无菌环境取大鼠颅盖骨,PBS缓冲液清洗3遍,去净软组织,剪碎骨片,骨片大小约1mm×1mm×1mm,先用8倍于骨碎片体积的胰蛋白酶,于37℃水浴中预消化20min,去上清液,然后用PBS缓冲液清洗3次,再用8倍于骨碎片体积的骨消化液,于37℃水浴中继续消化2遍,每次1h,收集消化液,离心弃上清。所得白色沉淀物即为成骨细胞(osteoblast,OB)样细胞团。用含体积分数为10%FBS的DMEM培养基重悬细胞,吹打均匀后通过筛网成单层细胞悬液,并按2×105/ml接种于培养瓶中,置于37℃、含体积分数为5%CO2、饱和湿度孵箱中培养。48h后全量换液弃去悬浮细胞,后每隔2d换液1次。待80%~90%原代细胞融合成单层,即进行传代培养。将OB用PBS液冲洗3次,0.25%胰酶1ml放入CO2孵箱中消化1~2min,在倒置相差显微镜下观察,待细胞收缩、变圆,少量脱壁后放入完全培养基,充分吹打制成单细胞悬液,按1∶3比例传代培养,取第3代细胞进行实验。

1.3.2  成骨细胞分组处理  取生长状态良好的第三代OB随机分为7份,其中6份作为实验组分别放入6种不同浓度的葛根素培养基中;1份作为对照组放入培养液为单纯含5%FBS的DMEM完全培养基中。将上述两组细胞以6×103/孔的密度将其接种于96孔板,24h后去培养液,两组培养基分别置于37℃+5%CO2孵箱培养,隔2d换1次液。分别在细胞培养过程中的第1,3,5,7d取一块96孔培养板,在倒置相差相差显微镜下观察细胞形态、贴壁、生长情况并拍照。然后PBS缓冲液清洗2次,每孔加入100µl的含cck-8液的培养基(100µl/ml)液,37 ℃+5% CO2 培养箱孵育3h,振荡10min后用酶免疫检测仪测定各孔光吸收值(optical delnsity,OD值)。

1.4  数据分析方法

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