英语应用文写作之英语社纳新启事与故事续写

作者: 刘继华

一英语社纳新启事

【写作任务】

假定你是李华,是校英语社社长。你社打算吸纳更多社员,请你写一份纳新启事,内容包括:(1)介绍社团活动;(2)鼓励大家入社;(3)告知报名时间、方式。注意:(1)词数80左右;(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

【学生原文】

Club Members Wanted(1)

Good news for everyone! Our English Club is recruiting for(2) the(3) new members!

Awarded as the best club all over(4) the school, our club never fails to sparkle(5) students’ enthusiasm about English due to various activities(6) ranging from the annual English Festival to the thrilling Costume Gala(7) themed(8) on British culture. As for those keen Shakespeare lovers, we have plenty of precious collections(9) to offer, which you can not(10) afford(11) to miss.

Anyone interested in English is welcome to sign up for our club. Just call 922154 to register before next Friday.

【刘教授批改】

(1)标题形式不错,符合英语使用习惯,但只说了“Club”,没有点明是“English Club”,读者会感到有些迷惑。

(2)删去“for”。因为“new members”是“recruit”的对象,是它的动作接受者,“recruit”的动作直接作用于“new members”上,是及物动词,不能用“for”。“recruit”当然也可以作不及物动词,但作不及物动词用时,这个动作的直接对象的意义已经包含在“recruit”这个词本身之中。跟“for”是表示目的对象而不是动作对象,如“recruit for the navy”(“为海军招募新兵”——《英汉大词典》),“We are not planning at present to recruit any new members for our club”(《英语搭配大词典》)等。

(3)删去“the”。这是第一次提到“new members”,非特指。

(4)“all over”是一个区域上的概念,含有“到处都”的意思,用在此处不大合适。这个句子实际是说,在学校所有社团中我们这个最好,讲的是数量和集合,以“of”为好。

(5)“sparkle”本义是“冒火花”“闪光”,是不及物动词,后面不跟名词。当然,它也可作及物动词,意思是“使……发光/冒火花”,如“Moonlight sparkled the water”(“月光照得水面闪闪发光。”——《英汉大词典》)。但,“enthusiasm”发光、冒火花的意象在英文中非常别扭,所以它一般是不与“sparkle”搭配的。与“enthusiasm”搭配的词,如果是“激发”,多可用“arouse”“rouse”等。如想用火的意象,则可用“kindle”。此处将“sparkle”换成“arouse”就很好。

(6)“various activities”前缺少限定词,与“due to”的结合不够紧密。用“its various activities”就好了。

(7)这个Gala是每年都有,还是总共只举办过一次?如是前者,应有“annual”或“yearly”等词;如是后者,则与“activities ranging from…to...”配合不够紧密,因为要讲这样类型性的“activities”,一般不会拿只是举办过一次的活动放到“ranging from…to...”中。把“Gala”改为“Galas”也许好一些。但问题又来了:那么多次“Galas”,都是关于英国文化的?这里其实还是一个逻辑问题。建议把“the thrilling Costume Gala themed on British culture”改为“English culture galas”。

(8)“theme”多作名词。作动词的情况有,但一般作及物动词,意为“赋予……主题”,既如此,则其后应该跟具体的主题,但“British culture”更多的是内容范围,而不是主题,因此不是很妥当。

(9)语言上没有错,但是是什么“collections”呢?内容意义上不清楚。要讲清楚,就要有限定和说明,比如,如果是“collections of Shakespeare movies”(最好是“a collection of Shakespeare movies”),就清楚了。

(10)应是“cannot”。意为“不能”时,“can”与“not”的规范写法是不能分开的。

(11)用“afford”,语气好像有点太重了。如把“which you cannot afford to miss”改为“which is a shame/pity to miss”应该会合适得多。

【刘教授总结】

全文(含标题)95词,控制在60 ~ 100词间,符合要求。

这篇作文审题准确,没有偏离题情况,要点齐全,主次分明,较好地完成了写作交际任务。但在表达与目的传达上还需有更多考虑,一定要多站在受众(读者)角度上想想,他们想要什么。如标题没有点明“英语社团”,只是用了“Club Members Wanted”,会给读者留下较多疑惑。应用文的写作一定要明晰,除非是故意设一个悬念,以吸引读者往下读,否则不能让读者去“猜谜”——但这一类应用文,这样的“悬念”并不合适,它反而会让读者觉得写作者没有说清楚。

整篇文章语言对意义的传达还是不错的,基本上都能做到清楚、直接,语法正确性较高,词汇意义的把握也比较准确,从应用文的角度讲还是值得肯定的。但是,在词性以及词汇的用法搭配等方面还存在较多问题,如及物动词和不及物动词的用法区别、介词与动词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配等还需要注意准确性与地道性。

在词汇用法上,有想要出新的努力,如用“theme”作动词等。这些努力很好,但一定要注意符合使用规范,要搞清楚词汇最基本、最本原的意义,方能用得妥帖。

建议:1.多注意词汇的本原意义,可多查查词典,尤其是英英词典;2.在词汇的运用方面多下点功夫,可多阅读英文原版书籍和报刊,多参阅搭配词典(如外语教学与研究出版社引进的《英语搭配大词典》《牛津英语搭配词典》等),以确保语言的正确与地道。

二故事续写

【写作任务】

阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

I peered over my grandma’s shoulder as she sewed pieces of cloth together. The two pieces became one faster than I’d imagined. The colours, however, looked ugly when put together and none of the patterns matched. All the patches(补丁)on this blanket seemed to disagree.

“Grandma, that’s the ugliest quilt I’ve ever seen.”

“Oh, sweetie, it’s warm and beautiful,” said Grandma, pointing to a pile of crazy patterned shirts and suits. “I can take these old clothes that Grandpa and I will never wear again and turn them into something useful and good. It’s not the quilt’s appearance but the love that sews it together that makes it beautiful. This quilt will keep you warm on a cold night like tonight. And I know that for a fact.” Grandma put her hand on my shoulder, “Not everyone is as lucky as we are. Here, put on your coat. We’ll get a second opinion about how ugly my quilts are.”

Grandma folded a finished quilt and tucked it into a shopping bag. Afterwards, we got in the car and drove downtown. The white snow turned grayer as we got to the city. Eventually, Grandma pulled up at a dark alley(小巷)and we got out of the car. The terrible smell of rotting garbage made me feel sick and pinch my nose shut. Grandma took my hand and led me to the street lamp. I could see the snow shimmering(发出微光)in the light.

Grandma paused. “There’s usually somebody down this alley. It’s quiet and out of the wind—a good place to stay on cold nights. A nice warm quilt might make it even better.”

The dark engulfed(吞没)Grandma and me as we stepped deep into the alley. The pavement was cracked and missing in spots. Chicken bones and stained boxes littered their way. And Grandma’s shoes made a loud sound with each step. Feeling frightened, I squeezed Grandma’s hand. Grandma squeezed my hand back. “It’s OK,” she smiled.

“Who’s there?” shouted a voice out of the darkness.

注意:

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下画线的关键词语;

3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;

4.续写完成后,请用下画线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1: “I have a nice warm quilt, if you want it,” said Grandma. _________________________________________________

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