Types of Ecotourism生态旅游的不同类型

Ecotourists leave a tourist area much as they found it without impacting the environment. A kayak trip down a river likely would have little impact on the environment， but a hunting expedition may not only result in animal death， but could affect mating habits and offspring survival. But ecotourism goes beyond responsible tourism and encourages participants to not only respect the natural environment， but build awareness and respect for people who live in the tourist area.

生态旅游者的旅行不对环境造成影响，他们离开后，旅游区仍和他们来之前一样。划着皮艇顺流而下对环境几乎没什么影响，而狩猎之行不仅猎杀动物，还会影响到动物的交配习惯和后代生存。但“生态旅游”的概念超越了“负责任旅游”，不仅鼓励游客敬畏自然环境，还帮他们树立一种意识，并尊重旅游区居民。

To participate in ecotourism is to travel to natural environments for vacation or volunteer work， and contribute to these goals using productive or nondestructive means.

生态旅游是指去自然环境中度假或旅行期间参加志愿工作的活动， 并通过有益或无害的方式来为上述目标努力。

Agritourism

农家游

Agritourism is a form of ecotourism that attracts tourists and volunteers to the rural culture. It encourages visitors to explore agricultural life in rural communities firsthand， contributing to the improvement of income in regional populations. The goal essentially is to improve the economic development of small farms and rural communities. Visitors can participate in agricultural work alongside farmers in the fields， haul in nets with fishermen and help manage livestock on a ranch1. Even shopping from local farmer produce2 stands3 while on vacation is a means of contributing to the betterment of rural development.

农家游是吸引游客和志愿者关注乡村文化的一种生态旅游形式，鼓励游客亲身体验乡村的农家生活，帮助该地区民众增加收入。其基本目标是助力小型农场和农村社区的经济发展。游客可以同农民一起在田间劳作，与渔民一起拉网捕鱼，在牧场帮助管理牲畜。哪怕是度假之余到当地农产品摊位买点儿东西，也不失为助力乡村振兴的一种途径。

Community development

社区发展

Community-based ecotourism provides travelers the opportunity to ex-perience cultural and economic realities of life， most often in developing countries. Travelers stay with a local family to learn about daily living， customs， traditions and ways to benefit the community. The host community benefits by generating revenue， which increases economic stability while reducing the community’s need to participate in unsustainable forms of economic support， such as resource extraction. The individual host earns money for providing food and accommodations， and the community benefits when a portion of that income is set aside for broader projects.

基于社区的生态旅游让游客身临其境地体验当地的经济与文化，多见于发展中国家。游客住在当地人家里，了解当地人的日常生活、风俗、传统，以及造福当地社区的方式。所在社区通过生态旅游创收获益，在增加稳定收入的同时，减少了对资源开采等不可持续的经济来源的需求。民居房主通过提供食宿来赚钱，社区则通过将部分收入用于更广泛的项目而受益。

Ecolodging

生态民宿

An ecolodge is an accommodation venue for tourists， built with minimum impact on the surrounding natural environment. It is built to meet particular standards for alternative， sustainable means of water acquisition and careful waste disposal. It utilizes alternative， passive energy consumption designs to limit its impact on the surrounding natural and cultural environment. Types of ecolodges include luxury African tents， alpine4 huts， tea houses in Nepal and rustic5 lean-tos6 in Belize7. Often ecolodge owners offer tours from knowledgeable locals to familiarize visitors with the area and instil a sense of respect for the culture， people and environment.

生态民宿是为游客提供住宿的场所，其建造对周围自然环境的影响极小，在实现可替代、可持续的取水方式和谨慎的废物处理方面符合特定标准，利用新式的低能耗设计来限制对周围自然环境和人文环境的影响。生态民宿的类型包括豪华的非洲帐篷、高山小屋、尼泊尔的茶馆和伯利兹的乡村简易棚屋。生态民宿的老板通常会安排见多识广的当地人带游客游览，让游客熟悉当地风情，培养他们对当地文化、居民和环境的敬意。

Eco trekking

生态越野

Eco treks are designed to increase a traveler’s awareness about the natural and cultural environment of a particular region. Visitors learn about local threats to the environment and habitats， as well as current and potential preservation techniques. Eco treks are often arranged by for-profit organizations， and a portion of the proceeds sometimes goes to support the local population. Indiv-iduals interested in eco trekking can choose from a wide range of excursions to exotic destinations. Activities can include white water rafting， rock climbing， caving， hiking， bird-watching and nature walks.

生态越野意在增进游客对特定地区自然环境和人文环境的认识。游客可借此了解当地环境和栖息地所面临的威胁，以及当前和潜在的保护措施。生态越野通常由营利性组织安排，部分收益有时会用于支持当地居民。有大量富于异国情调的短途目的地可供感兴趣的人选择，活动包括激流泛舟、攀岩、洞穴探险、徒步旅行、观鸟和自然漫步。

Eco-destinations

生态旅游目的地

If you already know what you’re looking for， go somewhere that’s likely to give you the right experience. Here are some common goals for traveling as well as corresponding destinations：

如果你已经知道自己喜欢什么，那就去能给你带来良好体验的地方。以下是一些常见的生态旅游主题和相应的目的地：

· For the community and culture： Cambodia， India， Kenya and Ethiopia

· 体验社区和文化： 柬埔寨、印度、肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚

· For the conservationist efforts： South Africa， Belize， Malawi8 and Thailand

· 保护自然资源： 南非、伯利兹、马拉维和泰国

· For the outdoors： Peru， Argentina and the United States

· 参与户外活动： 秘鲁、阿根廷和美国

· For the history： Japan， Jordan， Ethiopia and Vietnam

· 探寻悠久历史： 日本、约旦、埃塞俄比亚和越南

· For the wildlife： Finland， Canada， the Azores9， India， Borneo10 and Uganda

· 寻访野生动物： 芬兰、加拿大、亚速尔群岛、印度、婆罗洲和乌干达

Ecotourism has had an impact on the way people think about leisure and how they feel about vacation. Fun doesn’t have to be sacrificed for sustainability and a greener planet. In fact， these lifestyles open up more opportunities to see the world and make every vacation an adventure.

生态旅游给人们原本的休闲思路和度假感受带来了冲击。追求可持续发展和更加郁郁葱葱的地球不必以牺牲乐趣为代价。其实，这样的生活方式给人们创造了更多了解世界的机会，让每次度假都成为一场奇遇。

（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者）

1 ranch 牧场。

2 produce 农产品。

3 stand 货摊。

4 alpine 高山的。

5 rustic 具有乡土气息的，朴实的。

6 lean-to 单坡顶的小屋。

7中美洲国家。

8非洲南部国家。

9北大西洋海岛，为葡萄牙领土。

10即加里曼丹岛，世界第三大岛，分属文莱、马来西亚、印度尼西亚三国。