Top 7 Ecotourism Destinations in the World世界七大生态旅游目的地

Travelling comes with an environmental and， often， cultural cost—but by choosing to travel more responsibly and sustainably， you can help to balance the negative impacts of tourism.

旅游会带来环境成本，常常还伴随着文化成本。但是，选择更加负责、更可持续的旅游方式，有助于抵消旅游业带来的负面影响。

Here are seven destinations that have already signed up to a more considerate way of life.

以下是七个业已实现更环保生活方式的旅游目的地。

Costa Rica

哥斯达黎加

So， you want to escape？ Imagine a country that’s one-quarter national park， a place where you could hike in a rainforest in the morning and surf tropical waves in the afternoon. Imagine an adventure Eden where sustainability was a strategy long before the world caught on， where jaguars prowl in the jungle， harpy eagles fly and Jesus Christ lizards1 walk on water before your eyes.

想要逃离现实吗？想象一下，一国国土有1/4是国家公园，你可以上午到雨林徒步，下午在热带海洋里冲浪。再想象一下，在一座适合探险的伊甸园，可持续发展战略的实施远早于世界其他国家——在那里，美洲豹潜身丛林，角雕翱翔天空，耶稣蜥蜴在你眼前的水面上行走。

That country is Costa Rica. Conservation has been cultivated here since the 1970s， with drives to protect areas， close zoos and reverse deforestation2.

这个国家就是哥斯达黎加。这里自20世纪70年代起，便着力于自然环境保护工作，实施多项措施保护地区生态、关闭动物园、改毁林为造林。

Some 80% of the Osa Peninsula3 is protected; much of it in Corcovado National Park， where visitors can follow guided trails with local groups like Caminos de Osa or Dos Brazos de Rio Tigre. Based out of luxury and backpacker jungle lodges around Drake Bay， activity options range from rainforest hikes to mangrove swamp tours， whale-watching， snorkelling or diving at Isla del Cano and surfing at Cabo Matapalo.

奥萨半岛约80%的区域受到保护，其中很大一部分位于科尔科瓦多国家公园内。游客可以沿奥萨步道协会或蒂格雷河畔多斯比拉索斯社区等当地组织提供引导的路线游览。在德雷克湾周边奢华的背包客丛林小屋落脚，有多种活动可以选择，包括：雨林徒步，红树林沼泽观光，卡诺岛观鲸、浮潜或深潜，以及马塔帕洛角冲浪等。

Finland

芬兰

You’d do well to get a lungful of ‘living’ in a nation where 80 per cent of the terrain is forested. The crisis from air pollution globally came to the fore in 2021 when the World Health Organisation declared it one of the biggest environmental threats to human health， alongside the climate emergency. Meanwhile， Finland’s air and water is proclaimed the clearest.

在这个80%国土被森林覆盖的国家，你可以清心养肺，改善健康。2021年世界卫生组织宣布，空气污染危机与气候紧急状态并列，成为危害人类健康的最大环境威胁之一，从而引发全球关注。与此同时，芬兰的空气和水源据称是全球最洁净的。

The Finish Tourist Board has launched the Sustainable Finland programme to map out a blueprint to help visitors plan the most eco-friendly escapes and engage with nature and local culture， knowing every step of their stay has been looked at through an econom-ical， ecological， social and cultural lens.

芬兰旅游局已推出“芬兰可持续旅游”计划，其描绘的蓝图帮游客规划最环保的出行路线，亲近自然，接触当地文化，让游客知晓自己每一步行程都已从经济、生态、社会、文化等视角给予了审视。

Bhutan

不丹

Until 1974， the Kingdom of Bhutan remained closed to tourism. Then one day， King Jigme Singye Wangchuck declared Bhutan open to visitors. Today， only those who have booked guided itineraries through approved operators can enter. Permits are charged at a peak-season nightly rate of $250 （approximately £180） per person， which includes a 37 percent tax that goes towards improving infrastructure and strengthening the healthcare and the education systems. This strict policy mean tourism is controlled， with local life largely untouched by its impact. Blue Poppy Treks and Tours organise bespoke4 trips through stunning mountain passes， valleys and cultural centres—with guides sharing their valuable knowledge throughout.

直到1974年，不丹王国都还未开放旅游。之后的某天，吉格梅·辛格·旺楚克国王宣布，不丹对游客开放。现在，只有通过有认证的旅行社预订导览行程才能进入不丹游览。旺季游览许可每人每晚收费250美元（约合180英镑），含37%的税。这些税收将用于改善基础设施、巩固卫生保健及教育体系。这项严格的政策意味着旅游业受到管控，让当地人的生活在很大程度上免遭旅游业冲击。蓝罂粟旅行社规划定制行程，沿途穿越景色绝美的山口、峡谷及魅力十足的文化中心，并有导游全程分享宝贵知识。

Botswana

博茨瓦纳

As one of the most convenient locations to spot the ‘Big Five’5， Botswana’s infrastructure has long been under pressure to meet the demands of the world’s safari market. Thankfully， the team at Great Plains Safari have been practising a positive approach for decades， taking care to minimise impact and invest in community-based opportunities to help local villages thrive. One such initiative is a kids’ conservation camp， where children are invited to week-long courses to learn about their surroundings， the value of conservation and the role of environmental tourism.

博茨瓦纳是观赏“非洲五霸”的最佳地点之一，为满足全球游猎市场的需求，该地基础设施长期以来承受着压力。幸运的是，大平原游猎团队数十年来采取积极措施，竭力减小对环境的冲击，并投入资源为社区创造机遇，帮助当地村庄发展。他们的一项举措是儿童生态露营项目，邀孩子们参加为期一周的课程，去了解周边的环境、生态保护的价值和环境旅游的作用。

Gabon

加蓬

Gabon is a rare natural beauty. With 13 national parks encompassing 11% of its land， this is a place where elephants and hippos roam free; where dense inland forests， which make up 80% of its landmass， are home to critically endangered western lowland gorillas.

加蓬拥有举世罕见的自然美景。该国有13个国家公园，占国土面积的11%，大象和河马在这里随意游走；浓密的内陆森林占据了陆地面积的80%，里面栖息着极度濒危的西部低地大猩猩。

A remote central African spot， not all of Gabon’s national parks are readily accessible， but beach-blessed Loango is a boon for wildlife-lovers. Set on a lush river， just inland from Gabon’s Atlantic coastline， Loango Lodge offers electrifying encounters with a local population of western lowland gorillas. Closely regulated， just one group of four visitors per day is permitted to set out into the forest to try and find them; an exclusive， sustainable wildlife experience that’s hard to top6.