Winding the Skein《缠毛线》
作者: 爱艺/译Winding the Skein is an oil painting by Frederic Leighton, first exhibited in 1878.
《缠毛线》是弗雷德里克·莱顿创作的油画作品,首展于1878年。
Two canvases by Leighton were hung at the Royal Academy in 1878, the year of his enthronement as President: Winding the Skein and Nausicaa1. Edgcumbe Staley gives the following description of the first picture:
1878年,莱顿就任皇家美术学院院长时,他有两幅画在学院展出:《缠毛线》和《瑙西卡》。作家埃奇库姆·斯特利曾这样描述前者:
Two Greek girls, light-complexioned, with fair hair, are engaged in a familiar occupation. The girls are busy on the flat roof or terrace of the house, which gives upon the distant sea and mountains. The atmosphere is brilliant and Levantine2. The colours are beautifully contrasted, and the natural position of the girl sitting with her bare feet crossed under her chair and holding the skein of wool is admirable—she is in white drapery. The younger girl, in red and white, is winding the skein into a ball. The background is very beautiful—blue sea and distant purple hills.
两个皮肤白皙、一头金发的希腊女孩正在干着一项人人熟悉的活儿。她俩在屋顶的平台或露台上忙碌着,从那里可以眺望远处的大海和山脉。画面明亮耀眼,充溢着黎凡特风情。色彩鲜明悦目,坐着的大女孩一身白色,两只光着的脚在椅下交叠,两手撑着一绞毛线,姿势如此自然,不禁令人赞叹。那个小女孩衣着红白相间,正把毛线缠成线球。画的背景很美——有蓝色的大海,还有紫色的远山。
In this picture, a simple theme is treated in a classic fashion—not dissimilar to that employed for the earlier Music Lesson3. Ernest Rhys writes in praise of this perceived quality in Leighton:
在这幅画中,画家以古风呈现了一个简单主题——与早先的作品《音乐课》如出一辙。文学家欧内斯特·里斯撰文称赞了莱顿这种让人心有所感的绘画方式:
In this we see two Greek maidens as naturally employed as we often see English girls in other surroundings. This idealization of a familiar occupation so that it is lifted out of a local and casual sphere, into the permanent sphere of classic art, is characteristic of the whole of Leighton’s work. He, like Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema4 and Albert Moore5, contrived also to preserve a certain modern contemporary feeling in the classic presentment of his themes. He was never archaic; so that the classic scenarium of his subjects, in his hands, appears as little antiquarian as a mediæval environment, shall we say, in the hands of Browning6.
这幅画描绘了两个希腊少女,她们忙碌的样子就像我们在其他场合经常看到的英国女孩一样自然。这种对日常活动的理想化呈现——把普通题材从一时一地的短暂留影提升为古典艺术的永恒之作——是莱顿所有作品的特色。与劳伦斯·阿尔玛-塔德玛爵士和阿尔伯特·摩尔一样,莱顿也努力在对主题的古典呈现中保留几分现当代感。他从不落伍——莱顿画中描绘的古典场景看不出多少中世纪的古风特色,就如勃朗宁在诗中呈现的中世纪场景一样几无古旧之意。
1该画描绘的就是画名人物瑙西卡。瑙西卡是荷马史诗《奥德赛》中的角色,一个小国的公主,救助了奥德修斯。 2 Levantine黎凡特的,地中海东部地区的。Levant 黎凡特,历史上的地理名称,地域范围不确,大致相当于现代的东地中海地区;该词源于拉丁语Levare(升起),指日出之地。
3参见本刊2023年第5期封底文及画。 4(1836—1912),维多利亚时代著名的荷兰裔英国画家,崇尚古典学院派画法,以细腻描绘华美古代世界闻名(详见本刊2016年全年封底文介绍)。 5(1841—1893),英国著名画家,弗雷德里克·莱顿的好友。 6指罗伯特·勃朗宁(Robert Browning,1812—1889),维多利亚时代著名的英国诗人,尤以戏剧独白诗(dramatic monologue)闻名于世。