China’s Electric Cars Are the New Rivals in Europe’s Showrooms中国电动汽车跻身欧洲汽车展销厅

By selling battery-powered S.U.V.s and luxury sedans in places like Germany and Norway， China is striving to become a force in the global auto industry.

中国在德国、挪威等地销售电动SUV和豪华轿车，力争成为全球汽车行业的生力军。

The name MG used to be synonymous with spirited but finicky sports car from Britain. Nowadays the iconic octagonal badge serves a different kind of motoring ambition： China’s push to become a big player in the global auto market.

名爵品牌曾是活力四射但过分考究的英国跑车的代名词。如今这个标志性八角徽章形车标承载着另一种车业雄心：中国正在努力成为全球汽车市场的大玩家。

SAIC Motor， one of China’s Big Four automakers， bought the MG brand in 2007 and is stamping it on a line of electric sport utility vehicles on sale in Germany and other European markets. MG is an example of how Chinese carmakers are exploiting the shift to electric cars to challenge the American， European and Japanese carmakers that have long dominated the industry.

中国四大汽车制造商之一的上汽集团于2007年收购了名爵品牌，并将其运用到在德国等欧洲市场销售的一系列电动SUV上。中国汽车制造商正在利用向电动汽车转变的时机，挑战长期主导汽车行业的美国、欧洲和日本汽车制造商，名爵就是其中一个例子。

The Chinese automakers are arriving as electric cars surge in popularity， accounting for almost ten percent of new car sales in Western Europe， and consumers are in a mood to buy， with savings built up during the pandemic. At the same time， car manufacturers are cutting back production because of shortages of micro-processors.

中国汽车制造商迈入欧洲市场时，正值电动汽车人气飙升，电动汽车占据西欧新车销量的近10%，消费者在疫情期间储蓄增加，有了购车意愿。与此同时，由于微处理器短缺，汽车制造商正在削减产量。

MG already has 350 dealers in 16 European countries and is still expanding. Two other Chinese automakers， Nio and BYD， are moving into Europe by way of Norway， the world’s most electrified large car market.

名爵已经在16个欧洲国家拥有350家经销商，而且规模仍在扩大。另外两家中国汽车制造商蔚来汽车和比亚迪正通过挪威进军欧洲。挪威是全球电气化程度最高的大型汽车市场。

Nio， based in Shanghai， opened a dealership in Oslo at the end of September， 2021， the company’s first outlet outside China. BYD， based in Shenzhen， delivered an electric S.U.V. called the Tang， to the first Norwegian customer in August the same year.

总部位于上海的蔚来汽车2021年9月底在奥斯陆开设了一家经销店，这是该公司在中国以外的首家经销店。总部位于深圳的比亚迪同年8月向第一位挪威客户交付了一款名为“唐”的电动SUV。

Great Wall Motor， another Chinese manufacturer， has announced plans to start selling a battery-powered compact and a hybrid S.U.V. in Europe next year.

另一家中国汽车制造商长城汽车宣布，计划明年开始在欧洲销售一款电池驱动的紧凑型汽车和一款油电混合动力SUV。

Polestar， which is based in Sweden but belongs to Geely Holding of China， has been selling a Chinese-made battery-powered model in Europe and the United States since 2020. And many of the Teslas on European roads were imported from the company’s factory in Shanghai.

极星汽车总部位于瑞典，但隶属于中国的吉利控股集团。自2020年以来，该公司一直在欧洲和美国销售中国制造的电池驱动车型。行驶在欧洲公路上的许多特斯拉都是从该公司在上海的工厂进口的。

Foreign automakers like Volkswagen， Mercedes-Benz or General Motors sell millions of cars in China， so they can hardly complain when Chinese auto-makers encroach on their turf. Even though China is the world’s largest car market， its brands have only a sliver of the international market.

大众汽车、梅赛德斯-奔驰和通用汽车等外国汽车制造商在中国销售了成百上千万辆汽车，所以中国汽车制造商踏足他们的地盘时，他们也无从抱怨。尽管中国是世界上最大的汽车市场，但中国品牌汽车在国际市场只占很小份额。

The Chinese automakers also have the United States in their sights， although their impact so far has been minimal. Slovakia supplies more cars to the U.S. market than China.

中国汽车制造商还把目光投向了美国，尽管到目前为止他们的影响微乎其微。斯洛伐克向美国市场供应的汽车数量超过中国。

The Chinese carmakers learned the trade from European companies they are now challenging. The Chinese government has long required foreign carmakers to operate via joint ventures with domestic companies， and to share know-how.

中国汽车制造商从欧洲公司学到造车技术，现在正与这些公司进行竞争。长期以来，中国政府一直要求外国汽车制造商与国内公司合资经营并分享技术。

SAIC， MG’s owner， has been Volkswagen’s partner in China since 1984. Now MG is moving into Volkswagen’s heartland. MG is advertising its ZS， a compact electric S.U.V.， at a starting price of 30，420 euros， or about $35，400. When government incentives for electric vehicles are included， the car can be had for around €24，000. That is €4，000 less than the least expensive version of Volkswagen’s compact electric S.U.V.， the ID.4.

名爵的所有者上汽集团自1984年以来一直是大众汽车在中国的合作伙伴。现在，名爵正进军大众汽车的核心市场。名爵正在为其ZS车型做广告，这是一款紧凑型电动SUV，起价30420欧元，约合35400美元。若把政府对电动汽车的奖励补贴包括在内，购买这款车只需约24000欧元，比大众最便宜的紧凑型电动SUV，即ID.4，便宜4000欧元。

“The sous chef is opening his own restaurant，” said Matthias Schmidt， an analyst in Berlin who tracks the European electric car market.

“副主厨要开自己的餐厅啦。”柏林跟踪欧洲电动汽车市场的分析师马蒂亚斯·施密特说。

MG said in a statement that its cooperation with Volkswagen remained a “win-win strategic partnership.”

在一份声明中，名爵表示与大众的合作仍然保持着“双赢的战略伙伴关系”。

Europe is a notoriously difficult market for foreign carmakers. Just ask Ford Motor， which has only 4 percent of the European Union market， or Toyota， which has its heft in the rest of the world.

对于外国汽车制造商来说，欧洲市场很难打入，这一点众所周知。福特汽车仅占欧盟市场的4%，丰田的主体业务在世界其他地区。

Earlier attempts by Chinese automakers to break into Europe failed. In 2013 Qoros， a start-up Chinese brand， announced plans for a network of dealerships in Europe but opened only one.

中国汽车制造商早前数次尝试打入欧洲市场，但均以失败告终。2013年，中国初创品牌观致宣布了在欧洲建立经销商网络的计划，但只开设了一家。