Smart Exercise锻炼使人聪明

Are you working for a big test？ If so， youmay study very hard. After studying for sometime， you may want to play some basketball，and then go on studying. Researchers1 havecollected2 information over the years， andthey have seen a connection3 between exerciseand brain4 development5.

Judy Cameron is a researcher atOregon Health and Science University. Shestudies brain development. According toher research6， exercise may make bloodvessels7 stronger， and they will work better.Those vessels in the brain will be stronger，too. Cameron says， it makes people con -centrate8 better. She says， “As we know，exercise is good for the heart. But exercisecan make real changes in the brain.”

你正在为一场大考做准备吗？如果是的话，你可能会非常努力地学习。学习一段时间后，你可能想打打篮球，然后再继续学习。研究人员收集了多年的数据信息，他们发现了运动与大脑发育之间的联系。

朱迪·卡梅伦是俄勒冈健康与科学大学的研究员。她研究大脑发育。根据她的研究，运动可以使血管更强健，从而更好地发挥作用。大脑中的血管也会更强健。卡梅伦说，这使人们能更好地集中注意力。她说：“众所周知，运动对心脏有好处。但运动也能够使大脑真正有所改变。”

How does exercise workon brain development？ It caneven be seen in babies. Ifbabies move9 a lot， they showgreater brain development. Ifbabies don’t do much exercise，they don’t show suchdevelopment. Exercise makesbabies’brains become smarter.With babies， even if they only movea little more， their brain can havebig changes.

Margaret Barnes is a doctor. Shebelieves exercise is very important forbabies. Some children have learningdisabilities10 in primary school or highschool. She thinks many of them have thesame reason. When those children werebabies， they didn’t have enough exercise.“Babies need movement， because it doesgood to their five senses11，”says Barnes.“They need to make a connection betweenbody and brain. It helps them rememberthings. In this way， when they grow up，children will begin to connect physicalactivity with higher learning.”

Exercise are not only good for babies’brains. Older people can make their brainssmarter by exercising， too. Researchers atCornell University studied a group of old people. They are from seventy to seventynineyears old. According to their study，the old people exercise just three hours aweek， and they remember things better.The exercise doesn’t have to be verydifficult. But it does have to increase12the heart rate13. Also， just like theexercise for babies， exercise for olderpeople cannot be too simple. For the oldpeople， the brain may not be used for along time. Learning some new thingshelps the brain work better. Yoga andtai-chi are good examples.

运动是如何促进大脑发育的呢？这甚至可以在婴儿身上看到。如果婴儿经常活动，他们的大脑发育会更好。如果婴儿不怎么活动，他们就不会发育得这样好。运动使婴儿的大脑更聪明。对于婴儿来说，即使他们只是多动一点，他们的大脑也会有很大的变化。

玛格丽特·巴恩斯是一名医生。她认为运动对婴儿非常重要。有些孩子在小学或高中时有学习障碍。她认为许多这样的问题都有着相同的原因。当这些孩子还是婴儿时，他们没有进行足够的运动。“婴儿需要运动，因为这对他们的五种感官有益。”巴恩斯说，“他们需要在身体和大脑之间建立联系。这有助于增强他们的记忆力。这样，当他们长大后，孩子们将开始将身体锻炼与更高深的知识联系起来。”

运动不仅对婴儿的大脑有好处，老年人也可以通过锻炼来使他们的大脑更聪明。康奈尔大学的研究人员研究了一群老人。他们的年龄从七十岁到七十九岁不等。根据他们的研究，老年人每周只锻炼三个小时，然后他们的记忆力变好了。练习不需要很难，但它必须增加心率。此外，就像婴儿的运动一样，老年人的运动也不能太简单。对于老年人来说，大脑可能很长一段时间都没有使用过了。学习一些新事物有助于使大脑更好地工作。瑜伽或太极拳就是很好的例子。

For most people， if a kind ofphysical activity increases theheart rate， it is helpful. Thegoal14 is to make the blood runquicker in the brain. Yourbrain can be smarter， evenif you exercise two tothree hours a week.

对于大多数人来说，只要一种体育活动可以提高心率，那它就是有益的。这一活动目标是使血液在大脑中流动得更快。即使你每周只锻炼两到三个小时，你的大脑也会更聪明。

（英语原文选自：wonderopolis.org）