为什么写作比口语更难？

For many English learners， learning to write fluently1 in English is much moredifficult than learning to speak fluently. Even for advanced level2 learners， writingcan come much more slowly3 in English than speaking. There are a number of reasonsfor this：

Writing Is More Formal4

Writing in English needs to follow rules of grammar much more closely than inspoken English. For example， if someone says “Please borrow me your pen”， it’s clearthat the speaker wants to say “Please lend me your pen”. In writing， words are evenmore important because they don’t have visual5 context6. When you speak， you cansmile and make a good impression7. With writing， all you have are your words.

Spoken Communication Allows for More “Mistakes”

Imagine if you’re at a party. You might have a talk with someone and only understanda few words. However， because you’re in the context of a party， you can make allthe mistakes you want. It doesn’t matter8. Everyone is having fun. When it comes towriting， there’s not so much room for mistakes.

Less Thinking Goes into Spoken English Than Written English

Spoken English is much more spontaneous9 than written English. You can relaxwhen you speak English and mistakes don’t impact10 your ability to speak clearly. Inwriting， it’s important to think about how to write to the future readers. You need to understandwho will be reading your writing. It takes time to work these things out.

对许多英语学习者来说，学会流利地用英语写作比学会流利地说英语要困难得多。即使对于高水平的学习者来说，掌握用英语写也比说慢得多。这有许多原因：

写作更正式

英语写作比英语口语更需要遵循语法规则。例如，如果有人说“请借来我你的钢笔”，很明显说话者想说“请把你的钢笔借给我”。在写作中，文字更为重要，因为它们没有视觉语境。当你说话时，你可以微笑，给人留下好印象。在写作时，你能利用的就只有文字。

口语交流允许更多的“错误”

想象一下，如果你身处一个聚会中，你可能和某人交谈，但只听懂了几个词。然而，因为是在聚会的环境中，你想犯什么错都可以。这没关系，每个人都只是在玩。但是说到书面写作，就没有那么多犯错的空间了。

英语口语比书面英语需要的思考更少

英语口语比书面英语更自然。说英语时你可以很放松，错误不会影响你清晰表达的能力。在写作中，重要的是要考虑如何写给未来的读者，你需要琢磨谁会阅读你写的内容。而搞清楚这些事情需要时间。