土地耕种2

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50 分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Climate change is known to negatively affect agriculture and livestock， but there hasbeen little scientific knowledge on which regions of the planet would be touched or whatthe biggest risks may be. New research led by Aalto University assesses just how globalfood production will be affected if greenhouse gas emissions are left uncut.

The researchers assessed how climate change would affect 27 of the most importantfood crops and seven different livestock， accounting for societies varying capacities toadapt to changes. The results show that threats affect countries and continents in differentways; in 52 of the 177 countries studied， the entire food production would remain in thesafe climatic space in the future. These include Finland and most other European countries.

Already vulnerable countries such as Benin， Cambodia， Ghana， Guinea‑Bissau，Guyana and Suriname will be hit hard if no changes are made; up to 95 percent of currentfood production would fall outside of safe climatic space. Alarmingly， these nations alsohave significantly less capacity to adapt to changes brought on by climate change whencompared to rich Western countries. In all， 20% of the worlds crop production and 18% oflivestock production under threat are located in countries with low capacities to adapt tochanges.

“If we let emissions grow， the increase in desert areas is especially troubling becausein these conditions barely anything can grow without irrigation. By the end of this century，we could see more than 4 million square kilometres of new desert around the globe，” MattiKummu， professor of global water and food issues at Aalto University says.“ We need tolighten climate change and， at the same time， improve our food systems and societiescapacities to adapt to changes—we cannot leave the vulnerable behind. Food productionmust be sustainable.”

1. What is paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. The measures to be taken.

B. The threat to vulnerable countries.

C. The assistance of rich countries.

D. The damage to crop production.

2. What do Kummus words suggest？

A. He feels very desperate. B. He cares more about others.

C. He was in charge of the study. D. He is worried about the vulnerable.

3. From which section of a newspaper is the text taken？

A. Environment. B. Technology.

C. Culture. D. Politics.

B

Many farmers in China are exploring new career paths. From drone operators to socialmedia influencers， new types of occupations taken on by Chinese farmers not only bringhigher incomes but also put new life into Chinas rural areas.

In April 2016， Yu Xiaojun， 28， founded an agricultural machinery services cooperativein partnership with his friends to provide services including sowing， crop protectionand harvesting for large farms with drones.

The cooperative now has over 100 sets of machinery and equipment and more than 20staff members. Many young people ask Yu to teach them how to fly drones.

As a short‑video craze sweeps China， many farmers are becoming enthusiastic aboutsharing their lives online. Livestreaming has become a new farming tool， allowing farmersto reap the benefits of selling goods directly to urban consumers.

Holding a plate of dried sweet potatoes， Zhang Chuanfeng stood in front of a mobilephone to introduce the local products. The 40‑year‑old farmer is 1.4 meters tall and wasworried about his future after struggling in various jobs because he is too short. However，his transition has been a success.

With the support of the local government， Zhang rented a stall and opened his onlinebusiness. To improve his marketing skills， he attended training courses and learned fromother online streamers.

In April 2020， Zhang started livestreaming sales. The products received positive feedbackfrom the market， and that encouraged Zhang to include more types of local specialtiesin his sales.

His hard work paid off. Now Zhang has over 90，000 followers on a short‑video platform.He made 5 million yuan from sales of local specialties last year. He also volunteeredto help locals sell other products including honey， organic eggs and fish through livestreaming.

“Through my efforts， I have lifted my family out of poverty， which was unimaginablebefore，” Zhang said.“ Compared to professional livestreamers， we are just at the primarystage. I hope more professionals will join us and we can build our brand.”

4. What does Yu Xiaojun most likely agree with？

A. Traditional farms should be enlarged in China.

B. Farmers should have their own modern machines.

C. Operating drones is popular among young farmers.

D. Farming needs the support of science and technology.

5. What was a barrier to Zhang Chuanfengs career？