主题1:完形填空考点预测与考法预判
作者: 昝亚娟
四层考点预测
考点1 考查词汇在语篇语境中的运用完形填空题要求考生在整体理解语篇意义的基础上,根据具体语境选择一个恰当的词填入设空处。选项具有以下特征:1. 四个选项没有近义词,意义相差很大;2. 四个选项词性相同,语法形式一致;3. 四个选项在语法上都是正确的,都可填入设空处,只是意义不同,或与语境不符,或逻辑不通,或不符合文章的主题。因此,我们必须依据具体的语境来选择最佳答案。
真题链接
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which be⁃came his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a veryyoung age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around hishome. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away anumber of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that itwas because there werent enough trees to protect them from the 27 .
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
备考点睛
本文讲述了一个名叫Molai的印度男子植树造林的故事。文章的主题语境为人与自然,话题为保护环境。在解题时,我们应关注设空句的具体语境,来选择最佳答案。
Molai住的村子附近的湿地是他的第二个家(home),故第21题的答案为C。经常在湿地玩耍,所以他从小就知道了大自然(nature)的价值和美丽,故第22题的答案为A。他16岁时开始注意到令人不安的(disturbing)事情在他的家乡发生,故第23题的答案为C。洪涝灾害发生了,它带来的破坏(damage)导致一些小鸟飞走了,故第24题的答案为D。蛇的数量也减少了,此句与前文构成并列关系,故第25题的答案为A。他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受高温(heat)的影响,故第26题的答案为B,第27题的答案为B。
考点2 考查对语篇的整体理解
完形填空题的设题技巧性非常强,逻辑非常严谨。正确选项通常与整体语篇存在着千丝万缕的联系,关注整体语篇对解题至关重要。
真题链接
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, andhas even learned to 41 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an“Oscar⁃winning actor”
The 60⁃year⁃old is not an actor, but a 42 . However, he is more devoted to his“ 43 ”than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beg⁃gars. To look into the 44 , Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 45 the beggars.Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 46 of a real beggar and his convincing dialectsoon won him the 47 of the beggars.
41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
42. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
43. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
44. A. mirror B. case C. future D. question
45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
备考点睛
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了警察王先生多次乔装打扮,学会说不同的方言,冒险潜伏在犯罪团伙中,最终成功破案的故事。文章的主题语境为人与社会。我们在解题时,应关注整体语篇,从文中找到解题的线索。
在过去的38年里,王先生多次乔装打扮,甚至学会了说(speak)不同的方言,因此他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”,故第41题的答案为D。这位60岁的老人不是演员,而是一名警察(policeman),故第42题的答案为C。然而,他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色(role)”,故第43题的答案为A。为了调查这个案子(case),王先生伪装自己,并加入(joined)到一帮乞丐中,故第44题的答案为B,第45题的答案为B。肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他的外表(appearance)看起来像一个真正的乞丐,并且他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任(trust),故第46题的答案为C,第47题的答案为D。
考点3 考查对语篇结构和主题的把握
有的完形填空题的素材并非完全采用叙述的手法,而是在叙事的同时,融入一些议论,此类文章往往采用叙议结合的写作方法。遇到此类素材的完形填空题,我们要认真分析文章的结构,从议论中归纳出文章的主题。此类文章通常采用以下三种模式:
1. 事件—观点
作者首先叙述一个典型事件,然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点和看法。
2. 观点—事件
作者先提出一种观点或看法,然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事件作为例证。
3. 观点—事件—观点
作者先提出一种观点或看法,然后用事件进行说明,最后再总结、归纳自己的观点或表明自己的态度。
真题链接
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education departmentwas offering a“free”course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea oftaking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to 42 a few dollars? More thanthat, Id always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I werent 43 enough about freecredits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand⁃master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the games 46 . I could hardlywait to 47 him.
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired
44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor
45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest
47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat
备考点睛
本文的原文叙议结合,前两段叙事,最后一段发表议论,议论部分升华了主题。
我们只有通过分析文章的结构,才能准确把握文章的主题,从而精准解题。
“我”急切地接受了(jumped at)选修Thinking Chess课的想法,故第41题的答案为B。根据第一句中的the education department was offering a“free”course可知,第42空所在处指的是“谁不想省(save)几美元呢?”,故第42题的答案为C。即便免费的学分不能让“我”足够兴奋(excited),关于这门课的讲师(instructor)的消息对“我”也是非常有吸引力的,故第43题的答案为A,第44题的答案为D。他是一位国际特级大师,这就意味着(meant“) 我”可以向该领域最优秀的(best)人学习。所以“我”迫不及待地想见到(meet)他。故第45、46、47题的答案分别为D、C、B。
考点4 考查对行文逻辑的推断
完形填空题的文章体裁多样,结构严谨,语言逻辑性强。解题时,我们首先应快读原文,抓住文章大意,然后分析段落之间的逻辑关系和句子之间的逻辑关系,再依据行文逻辑,进行合理的推断。
真题链接
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one.The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 becausepeople are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.