不同FSH处理方法对多浪羊FSH、LH、E2和P4激素水平及发情的影响
作者: 牛志刚 吕松杰 丁煜恭 王新海 司衣提•克热木 史洪才
摘要 [目的]为了研究FSH不同注射方法对多浪羊繁殖性能的影响。[方法]试验将172只多浪羊母羊随机分为A、B、C 3个试验组和1个对照组(D)。在相同饲养条件下,于阴道放置海绵栓,埋栓后第9天先采集血液,再将150 IU FSH按照不同注射方法对A、B、C组进行处理,第11天采集血液后,撤栓注射相同剂量的孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和氯前列烯醇(PG)进行同期发情处理,在发情0 h和发情12 h采集血液,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测定E2、FSH、LH和P4的浓度。[结果]FSH的浓度在FSH处理前、撤栓前、发情0 h和发情12 h时,各试验组之间血清中差异不显著(P>0.05);E2的浓度在撤栓前B、C组显著高于A、D组(P<0.05),在发情0 h时,B、C组极显著高于A组(P<0.01)、D组(P<0.01),D组极显著高于A组(P<0.01)。LH的浓度在撤栓前D组显著高于A、B、C组(P<0.05),在发情0 h,B组显著高于A、C、D组(P<0.05);P4的浓度在FSH处理前、撤栓前、发情0 h和发情12 h时,各试验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。[结论]外源生殖激素FSH的注射会对血液中 E2和LH的浓度造成影响,且发情0 h时血液中E2的浓度与发情率呈正相关。单次FSH注射剂量150 IU可能会抑制LH和E2的分泌。75 IU+75 IU平均注射法对发情率有较好的作用;100 IU+50 IU递减注射法,在发情0 h 可以明显提高血液中E2和LH的浓度。
关键词 多浪羊;生殖激素;促卵泡素;同期发情;孕马血清促性腺激素
中图分类号 S814.8 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2023)04-0081-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2023.04.020
Effects of Different FSH Treatment Methods on FSH, LH, E2 and P4 Hormone Levels and Estrus in Duolang Sheep
NIU Zhi-gang, LU Song-jie, DING Yu-gong et al
(Institute of Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000)
Abstract [Objective]In order to study the effects of different FSH treatment methods on the reproductive traits of Duolang sheep. [Method]A total of 172 ewes were randomly divided into three experimental groups (A, B and C) and one control group (D). Under the same feeding conditions, a sponge plug was placed in the vagina, blood was collected on the 9th day after the plug was embedded, and then 150 IU FSH was administered to groups A, B, and C according to different injection methods. After blood was collected on the 11th day, the plug was withdrawn and injected. The same dose of pregnant horse serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and cloprostenol (PG) were treated in estrus at the same time, blood was collected at 0 h and 12 h of estrus, and E2, FSH, LH and P4 were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). [Result]There was no significant difference in serum FSH concentration among the experimental groups before FSH treatment, at the time of thrombectomy, at 0 h and 12 h in estrus (P>0.05);the concentration of E2 in groups B and C were higher than that in groups A and D (P<0.05), and at 0 h of estrus, groups B and C were significantly higher than those in group A (P<0.01), and groups B and C were significantly higher than those in group D (P<0.05), group D was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.05). The concentration of LH in group D was significantly higher than that in groups A, B, and C at the time of thrombectomy (P<0.05), and at 0 h of estrus, group B was significantly higher than that in groups A, C, and D (P<0.05);the concentration of P4 in FSH before treatment, when the thrombus was withdrawn, at 0 h and 12 h in estrus, there was no significant difference between the experimental groups (P>0.05). [Conclusion]The injection of exogenous reproductive hormone FSH will affect the concentrations of E2 and LH in blood, and the concentration of E2 in blood at 0 h of estrus was positively correlated with the estrus rate. A single FSH injection dose of 150 IU may inhibit the secretion of LH and E2. The 75 IU+75 IU injection method has a better effect on the estrus rate;the 100 IU+50 IU injection method can significantly increase the concentration of E2 and LH in the blood at 0 h of estrus.
Key words Duolang sheep;Reproductive hormone;Follicle-stimulating hormone;Synchronous estrus;Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin
多浪羊是新疆喀什地区主要的绵羊品种,具有体型大、生长速度快、肉产量高、屠宰性能良好等特点。多浪羊可以全年舍饲,能适应新疆南疆地区夏季干燥炎热的环境,抗病力强,耐粗饲,能四季发情,且具有早熟性,是新疆优良的地方品种[1-3]。促卵泡激素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)能促进卵巢卵泡的生长、雌激素合成和分泌,促进卵泡颗粒细胞的增生和刺激卵泡细胞上促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)受体分化,其分泌方式受到下丘脑和性腺激素的调节,为脉冲式分泌。FSH控制颗粒细胞的发育、生长、成熟和类固醇生成,并在配子产生中发挥关键作用[4]。在发情周期的适宜时间给予适量的外源FSH[5],可以有效地增加卵巢的排卵。FSH在绵羊生产上是常见的促超数排卵药物。多浪羊一般一胎产一只羔羊,平均产羔率约为107%,繁殖率较低,制约规模化养殖场的经济效益。利用外源激素对多浪羊实施同期发情处理和高效繁殖,可以提高繁殖效率,降低生产成本,增加养殖效益。
前人研究表明,孕酮+PMSG+PG的同期发情方法,可以达到很好的发情效果;较小剂量的FSH可以刺激少量卵泡同时发育排卵,产较多数量的羔羊。FSH多用于绵羊超数排卵,而利用FSH不同注射方式提高多浪羊的繁殖效率的相关报道较少。该研究以多浪羊为试验羊,在同期发情处理过程中注射150 IU的FSH,观察不同的注射方法对激素水平及发情的影响。为进一步提高多浪羊繁殖效率提供理论基础。
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
1.1.1 药品和器材。羊用孕酮海绵栓,新西兰 Inter Greaulane 公司生产;注射用促卵泡素(规格为500 IU/支)、孕马血清促性腺激素(规格为1 000 IU/支)、氯前列醇钠(规格为0.2 mg/支)均由宁波市三生药业有限公司生产。多功能酶标仪;美国Thereto Scientific公司;(FSH、LH、E2、P4)ELISA分析测定试剂盒;购自Groundwork Biotechnology Diagnosticate公司;生理盐水、乙醇、碘酒、高锰酸钾粉、青霉素、链霉素、假阴道、集精杯、开膣器、输精枪、显微镜、恒温水浴锅等均为国产。
1.1.2
试验羊。 2020年5月在新疆五征绿色农业发展有限公司开展试验。母羊为2岁左右(172只);种公羊为2岁以上,性欲旺盛,体型、外貌良好的成年公羊2只;试情羊选用有配种史、性欲旺盛的公羊5只。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 试验羊分组与同期发情处理。采用单因素设计,选经过B超诊断未怀孕的试验羊,设为A、B、C 3个试验组和1个对照组D,在阴道中埋置1个孕酮海绵栓当天记为第 0 天,第9天A、B、C组按不同的FSH注射方法进行处理。A组10:00一次性注射FSH 150 IU;B组10:00注射100 IU FSH,8 h后再注射50 IU FSH;C组10:00注射75 IU FSH,8 h后再注射75 IU FSH;D对照组不注射FSH。4组第11天10:00撤栓时,肌肉分别注射PG 1 mL和PMSG 330 IU。
1.2.2 发情鉴定。用试情公羊进行试情。在08:00和20:00,将试情公羊放到母羊圈各试情1次,以母羊站立不动并接受爬跨为发情标准,连续试情3 d,在72 h内发情视为同期处理有效,记录每只羊从撤栓到发情的时间间隔。
1.2.3 采精和人工授精。
(1)用假阴道法进行采精。种公羊精液采出后,先通过肉眼观察,为乳白有“云吞”状的,在400×显微镜下对精液样品进行观察,活率在0.8以上,密度达到“密”级,无异常气味,色泽乳白的精液可用于人工输精。
(2)精液稀释配制。称取葡萄糖 3 g、柠檬酸钠 1.4 g,分别加入10万IU青霉素和链霉素,溶解于100 mL灭菌水中,用0.22 μm的滤膜过滤。
(3)精液稀释。将稀释液和精液降至室温。稀释时根据所需输精量,先进行等倍稀释,再加大稀释倍数,该试验稀释倍数为4倍。
1.2.4 人工授精。使用阴道开张器输精,对有发情表现的母羊于发情后的12和24 h进行2次人工授精,使用开张器,将输精器插入子宫颈口内0.5~1.0 cm输入鲜精液0.1 mL。
1.2.5 血样采集。挑选发情的多浪羊母羊98只,其中A组25只,B组25只,C组25只,D组23只,每只母羊在注射FSH前、撤栓时、发情0 h和发情12 h 颈静脉采集血样 3 mL,室温下静置5~6 h,3 000 r/min 离心 15~20 min,分离上层血清移入1.5 mL 离心管中,放入-20 ℃储存。
1.2.6 激素测定。试验母羊血清采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测定E2、FSH、LH和P4的浓度。根据ELISA试剂盒操作步骤测定,测定血清中 E2、FSH、LH和P4的含量,并以450 nm OD值为横坐标,浓度为纵坐标绘制标准曲线,计算出数值。
1.2.7
数据统计分析。应用 SPSS 20.0(SPSS、Inc、Chicago、IL、USA)对激素水平、发情率数据进行卡方检验。
2 结果与分析
2.1 FSH不同处理方法对同期发情的影响
统计4个试验组4个时间点的发情母羊数,并计算撤栓后12~72 h总体的同期发情率,结果见表 1。