《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》中的“广陵”与“扬州”
作者： 周领顺 储航宇李白的一首《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》脍炙人口，已然成了千古绝唱。原诗写道：
故人西辞黄鹤楼，
烟花三月下扬州。
孤帆远影碧空尽，
唯见长江天际流。
诗中出现“广陵”和“扬州”两个地名。尽管在历史上两地归属和范围有时并不一致，但在此诗中却同指一地。文学家章燮在其注疏的《唐诗三百首》中对“烟花三月下扬州”就明确注疏道：“叙时。通典：广陵郡，今之扬州。”用不同的名称指称同一个地方是一种惯常的写作范式。
从交际的角度讲，在原文文化的语境中，两个地名出现于同一个语境中一般不会产生误解，但在异域文化的语境中却会令人疑窦丛生：题目上讲的是去Guangling，怎么在诗中变成去Yangzhou（Yangchow、Yang-chou）呢？该诗存在多个译本，涉及多名译者，有中国的，也有外国的，还有中外合作的。他们有着类似或迥异的译者行为，为什么如此？借用译者行为批评理论，可以使译者的行为得到比较合理的解释。
1. 两个地名均不译
许渊冲译本（简称“许译”）：
（1）Seeing Meng Hao-ran Off at Yellow Crane Tower
My friend has left the west where towers Yellow Crane
For River Town when willow-down and flowers reign.
His lessening sail is lost in the boundless azure sky，
Where I see but the endless River rolling by.
（2）Seeing Meng Haoran Off at Yellow Crane Tower
My friend has left the west where Yellow Crane towers
For River Town veiled in green willows and red flowers.
His lessening sail is lost in the boundless blue sky，
Where I see but the endless River rolling by.
埃兹拉·庞德（Ezra Pound）译本（简称“庞译”）：
（3）Separation on the River Kiang
Ko-jin goes west from Ko-kaku-ro，
The smoke-flowers are blurred over the river.
His lone sail blots the far sky.
And now I see only the river，
The long Kiang， reaching heaven.
2. 两个地名均保留
孙大雨译本（简称“孙译”）：
（4）Seeing Meng Haoran Off to Guangling on the Yellow Crane Tower
Mine old friend leaveth the West
From the Yellow Crane Tower.
In this flowery April clime
For thickly peopled Yangzhou.
A solitary sail’s distant speck
Vanisheth in the clear blue：
What could be seen heavenward
Flowing is but the Long River.
任治稷、余政译本（简称“任译”）：
（5）Sending Off Meng Haoran to Guangling at Yellow Crane Tower
My old friend faced west to bid farewell to Yellow Crane Tower，
In the blooming month of March to sail down to Yangzhou.
A lonely sail， a distant speck and the end of the skyey blue，
And all one saw was the Yangtze River into the heavens rolls.
许景城译本（简称“许景城译”）：
（6）A Farewell to Meng Haoran Leaving for Guangling
Alas！ To Yellow Crane Tower my old friend waved goodbye.
In thriving March down to Yangzhou eastwards was he sailing.
Away the boat was fading at the kiss of sea and sky.
I saw but Yangzi River at horizon billowing.
陈君朴译本（简称“陈译”）：
（7）Farewell at the Yellow Crane Tower to Mr. Meng Going to Guangling
Leaving Yellow Crane Tower， east my old friend will go;
In misty and flowery March he sails down to Yangzhou.
The lonely boat dims and is lost at the end of blue sky，
And all I can see is the Yangtze River’s seaward flow.
屠岸、屠笛译本（简称“屠译”）：
（8）Seeing Meng Haoran Off to Guangling
My friend leaves Yellow Crane Tower towered in the west，
Going to Yangzhou in the third moon when blooms are vying their best.
His lonely sailing boat floats far away into the azure sky，
Only the Yangtze River flowing towards heaven on hight.
朱纯深译本（简称“朱译”）：
（9）Yellow Crane Tower： Seeing Meng Off to Guangling
An old friend has left me and the Yellow Crane Tower，
Heading for that glamorous Yangzhou in the misty florescence of spring.
His lonely sail is merging into a distant sky，
Only the Yangtze River now flowing on the verge of an azure void.
3. 保留其一
杨宪益、戴乃迭译本（简称“杨译”）：
（10）Seeing Meng Haoran Off from Yellow Crane
At Yellow Crane Tower in the west my old friend says farewell；
In the mist and flowers of spring he goes down to Yangzhou；
Lonely sail， distant shadow， vanish in blue emptiness；
All I see is the great river flowing into the far horizon．
路易·艾黎（Rewi Alley）译本（简称“艾黎译”）：
（11）Farewell Meng Haoran at Yellow Crane Tower
At the Yellow Crane Tower there comes farewell to Meng Haoran；
It is the sweetest time of spring， he goes east to Yangchow；
I watch the sail of his boat going ever further and further，
until at last it vanishes in the clear blue sky；
Yet my heart runs with the Yangtze waters flowing， ever flowing.
王守义、约翰·诺弗尔（John Knoepfle）译本（简称“王、诺弗尔译”）：
（12）Seeing Meng Haoran Off
My old friend leaves yellow crane pavilion
He is going to the east
Sailing to Yangzhou in March
While blossoms curl like smoke on the river
How far away the lone sail
Fading into the clear blue sky
Only the yangtze river remains
It is flowing at the edge of the world
万昌盛、王间中译本（简称“万”译）︰
（13）Seeing Meng Haoran Off at Tower of Yellow Crane
From Tower of Yellow Crane my friend is going away to
Yangzhou in the month of glowing blooms and dimming willows
The distant shadow of a lonely sail now melt into the blue，