高考评价导向下的高中英语主题式听力作业设计
作者: 李红梅[摘 要]在注重英语应用能力的趋势下,培养学生的听力显得尤为重要。文章旨在探讨高考评价导向下的高中英语主题式听力作业的设计与实施策略,通过分析高考英语听力部分的评价要求,提出了一系列针对高中英语听力教学的设计原则和实践方法。文章聚焦于如何设计贴近学生生活、符合高考评价标准的高中英语主题式听力作业,探析创新作业形式以提升学生的听力、跨文化交际能力以及语言综合运用能力。
[关键词]高考评价;高中英语;主题式;听力作业设计
[中图分类号] G633.41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-6058(2025)07-0030-05
全球化时代背景下,英语是重要的国际交流语言,因此,培养学生的英语听力至关重要。高考英语作为评价学生学业水平的重要标准,其听力部分的评价导向关注实际语言运用能力。如何在高考评价导向下设计有效的英语主题式听力作业,成为教学关注点。
一、根据高考要求,明确听力目标
在高考评价体系中,英语听力部分始终占据举足轻重的地位。听力测试内容不仅能考查学生的语言基础知识掌握情况,而且能评估他们的实际语言运用能力。因此,必须根据高考要求,收集整理高考英语常见主题内容来设计高中英语主题式听力作业,有针对性地提升学生的听力。在设计课堂听力作业时,需明确高考英语听力部分考查的具体技能,包括但不限于理解主旨大意的能力、捕捉关键信息的能力以及推断隐含意义的能力。例如,对话类主题式听力作业是高考英语听力考查主题类别之一,因此,此类作业需要教师认真分析探索。
以2022年某省高考英语听力真题为例,以下是真题内容:
Speaker 1:Hey,have you heard from Jane recently?
Speaker 2:Yeah,she was talking about her plans for the weekend.
Speaker 1:Oh,really?What's she planning to do?
Speaker 2:Well,she mentioned going to the beach,but she also said there's a music festival she's interested in.
Speaker 1:Sounds like she has a tough choice to make.
Speaker 2:Yeah, she loves both activities. I'm not sure what she'll decide.
听力对话之后的题目设计如下:
What is Jane most likely to do this weekend?
A. Go to the beach.
B. Attend a music festival.
C. Not enough information to decide.
教师在课堂上引导学生进行如下作业分析。
这是一段关于周末计划的对话。两位说话者讨论了他们的朋友Jane的周末活动安排,提及Jane可能去海边或者参加一个音乐节,并就此展开闲聊。从中可以看出高考英语听力要求:第一,捕捉关键信息的能力,如对话中提到了“beach”和“music festival”两个关键词,考生需要准确捕捉到这些信息,以理解对话的主要内容;第二,理解对话主旨,如对话主要是围绕Jane的周末计划展开的,考生需要理解这一点,以便更好地回答相关问题;第三,推断隐含意义,如虽然对话中没有直接说明Jane最终的选择,但考生需要通过对话中的线索来推断Jane的倾向。
除了上述具体的作业设计,教师还可以根据学生的实际情况和高考要求的变化,不断调整和优化作业内容。例如,教师可以根据高考英语听力部分的题型变化,创新作业形式,如听力填空、听力选择等。
二、贴近学生生活,激发学习兴趣
在高中英语听力教学中,选择贴近学生生活的主题材料至关重要。生活类英语听力材料不仅能够激发学生的学习兴趣和积极性,还能够加强他们对听力内容的理解和认同感。因此,教师在设计高中英语主题式听力作业时,应充分考虑学生的生活经验和兴趣爱好,确保作业内容能够与学生的实际情况紧密联系。生活类主题式听力作业作为学生课后的训练,能培养学生的听力语感。教师通过与学生交流和观察他们的日常行为,可以发现他们对哪些话题感兴趣、对哪些活动参与度高等。基于这些信息,教师可以选择与之相关的主题来设计听力材料。
例如,在教学“Healthy Lifestyle”的内容之后,教师可以进行如下课后听力作业设计。
Healthy Lifestyle-Themed Listening Assignment
Title: Healthy Habits for a Better Life
Listening Material Description:
The listening material will consist of a short dialogue between two students discussing their efforts to adopt a healthier lifestyle. The dialogue will cover topics such as their daily exercise routine, dietary changes they've made, and the benefits they've noticed since adopting these healthy habits.
Listening Assignment:
Prelistening: Ask students to brainstorm what they think a healthy lifestyle might include (e.g., diet, exercise, sleep habits).
During listening: Play the audio dialogue once, asking students to listen for key information about the healthy habits discussed by the two students.
Postlistening:Have students answer the following questions based on what they heard in the dialogue:
What are the two main healthy habits discussed by the students?
How have the students adopting these habits benefited?
What challenges,if any,have the students faced in maintaining these habits?
What advice do the students give for someone trying to adopt a healthier lifestyle?
Discussion:Invite students to share their answers and discuss their own experiences or challenges with adopting a healthy lifestyle. Encourage them to share tips and strategies that have worked for them.
Extension Activity(optional):Ask students to create their own healthy lifestyle plan, including diet,exercise,and rest habits.They can then share their plans with the class and discuss how they plan to implement and stick to them.
除了上述具体的作业设计,教师还可以根据学生的学习需求和兴趣点不断调整和优化作业内容。例如,可以根据学生的反馈意见增加一些与他们的生活密切相关的话题或场景;还可以利用多媒体技术制作生动有趣的听力材料,如视频片段、音频剪辑等。
三、综合训练技能,加大理解深度
在基于高考评价的高中英语听力教学中,教师应综合训练学生的听力,加大他们的理解深度。听力理解不仅要求学生捕捉表面信息,而且要求他们对所听到的内容进行深入分析和思考,从而理解主旨大意、捕捉关键信息、推断隐含意义。因此,基于核心主题,教师可设计一些课堂听力作业。理解主旨大意是听力理解的基础,在设计作业时,教师应选择能够明确表达主旨大意的听力材料,并设置相应的问题,引导学生把握材料的中心思想。
例如,在以“科幻探索”为主题的听力作业设计中,教师可选择一段关于未来科技的访谈作为听力材料,设计如下课堂听力作业。
Listening Assignment:"Science Fiction Explor
ation" Theme
Listening Material:
Interviewer:"Good morning, and welcome to our program.Today,we have a panel of distinguished scientists who will share their insights on future technological trends.Dr.Alice Johnson,a leading expert in artificial intelligence, Dr. Michael Wang, a renowned space scientist,and Dr. David Lee,a pioneer in virtual reality,are with us today.Let's dive right into the discussion."
"Dr. Johnson, could you give us a glimpse into the future of artificial intelligence?"
Dr. Johnson:"Certainly.We are on the cusp of a major breakthrough in AI. In the near future,we can expect AI systems to become even more intelligent and capable of handling complex tasks with minimal human intervention. For instance,selfdriving cars that can navigate complex road conditions or AIpowered medical diagnostic systems that can detect diseases with higher accuracy than ever before."