主题二　 科学与科学家

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A robot created at Stanford University is diving down to shipwrecks （沉船） in a waythat humans can’t do. Known as OceanOneK， the robot allows its operators to feel likethey’re underwater explorers， too.

OceanOneK resembles （像） a human diver from the front， with arms， hands and eyesthat capture the underwater world in full color. The back of the robot has computers andeight multidirectional thrusters （推进器） that help it carefully explore the sites of fragileshipwrecks. When an operator at the ocean’s surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK，the robot’s touch⁃based feedback system causes the person to feel the water’s resistance.

The idea for OceanOneK came from a desire to study coral reefs in the Red Sea atdepths beyond the normal range for divers. While OceanOneK was designed to reach maxi⁃mum depth of 656 feet， researchers had a new goal—1 kilometer， hence the new name forOceanOneK. The researchers changed the robot’s body by using special foam to increasebuoyancy （浮力） and fight the pressure of 1000 meters more than 100 times what humansexperience at sea level. OceanOneK also got two new types of hands and increased arm andhead motion.

During OceanOneK’s deep dive in February， team members discovered the robotcouldn’t rise when they stopped for a thruster check. Flotations on the communications andpower line had collapsed， causing the line to pile on the top of the robot.

OceanOneK’s descent was a success. It dropped off a memorial marker on the seabedthat reads，“ The robot’s first touch of the deep seafloor —a vast new world for humans to ex⁃plore.” Khatib， a professor， called the experience an“ incredible journey”.“ This is the firsttime that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth， interacting with the environ⁃ment， and permitting the human operator to feel that environment，” he said.

1. What can we learn about OceanOneK？

A. Its eyes are colorful.

B. It functions automatically.

C. It looks like its operator from the front.

D. It is remotely controlled to explore underwater.

2. How does the author develop paragraph 3？

A. By listing data.

B. By raising questions.

C. By reasoning and analyzing．

D. By presenting an argument.

3. What does the underlined word“ descent” mean in the last paragraph？

A. Successful operation.

B. Deep diving.

C. Pressure resistance.

D. Flexible exploration.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. A creative explorer

B. The ambitious exploration

C. A self⁃driven seeker—a robot

D. A deep⁃sea explorer—OceanOneK

Ⅱ.补全信息

Autistic （孤独症的） children are also known as“ children of the stars”. They mayhave difficulties communicating with other people. 1 By combining music with mobiletechnology， three students from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have tried to help them withan app called Starrypia.

Tan Yilan， Zhang Junwei and Cai Yu spent five months building their AR⁃gamifiedtherapy app for children with autism. Children use the app to scan things around them. 2 Then they rearrange the parts to create songs. The songs would be recorded in theirmusic diaries.

“This is actually a kind of music therapy. 3 The process also trains their abili⁃ties，” said Tan. The app encourages children to scan and identify dolls， animals and plants.They even designed different levels， guiding users from their surroundings to nature.

According to the app’s developers， traditional music therapy is usually taken in hos⁃pitals. 4 But Starrypia makes the process more like a game. Besides， it can be usedanytime and anywhere， making the therapy lighter and easier.

Starrypia will soon come out on the APP Store. 5 They will return the income totheir families. When they tested the app on autistic children， they got good responses， notonly in professional terms but also on the children’s faces. “I saw their smiles as theyplayed with Starrypia， making everything worth it，” said Tan.

A. They are combining music with mobile technology.

B. Autistic children can better express themselves by it.

C. And they get parts of music as well as cartoon images.

D. The developers are also preparing to sell the music works.

E. The music therapy app is becoming more and more popular.

F. However， music can open their hearts as a kind of artistic language.G. Autistic children sit in front of computers learning some music courses.

Ⅲ. 完形填空

Ada Lovelace was the daughter of a romantic poet， Lord Byron. She earned her placein history as the first computer 1 —a full century before today’s computers 2 .And she became an idol （偶像） for women in 3 industry today. She couldn’t have doneit without British mathematician Charles Babbage. Their 4 started in the early 1830s.Babbage had 5 plans for a detailed and complicated machine he called the DifferenceEngine—actually， a giant mechanical calculator.