影视英语之锤字锻句

作者: 余玉清

形象、生动的语言能激发听者与读者的想象。各种题材的影视剧,哪怕是语言规范严谨的法律、政治题材的电视剧,其台词也不乏活泼生动的例子。下面是电视剧《国务卿女士》(Madam Secretary)中,女国务卿在谈到中东问题的一段表述:

“And now you expect me to explain to the American people that I’m going to pull stakes on the major strategic position in the Middle East, and totally alienated my biggest donor in the process?” (“事到如今,难道你指望我去向美国人民解释,说我要放弃我们在中东的主要战略立场,同时大大得罪我最大的捐助者吗?”)

女国务卿在谈到改变中东政策时没有用give up,也没有用reverse,而是用了pull stakes(拔桩走人)这种形象的说法。

电影《我最好朋友的婚礼》(My Best Friend’s Wedding)中,女主角朱莉安与大学时的男友迈克尔在毕业后由恋人做回好友。当她发现迈克尔将要结婚,才惊觉自己仍然爱他。为了阻止迈克尔结婚,她想尽办法挑拨离间,但都不奏效。眼看婚礼就要如期举行,朱莉安急忙在电话里向朋友求助:

“I’m running out of time. I’m completely out of sneaky ideas. I have come to the end of my rapidly fraying rope.” (“时间来不及了,所有的小动作我都用过了,我现在黔驴技穷,就快顶不住了。”)

在这句台词中,come to the end of one’s rope(黔驴技穷)+形容词fraying(眼看就要磨断)可谓神来之笔,fraying给人一种事不宜迟的紧迫感。女主人公山穷水尽、狼狈不堪的窘态跃然眼前。

为了使台词形象、生动,影视剧的编剧在选词和造句上精雕细琢,下了不少功夫。下面我们不妨看看荧屏上生动的语言是如何炼成的。

一、选择语义明确、具体的词

1. We were doomed the minute she slithered into the precinct. (她一到我们分局,就注定没有我们什么好事。)

——《神烦警探》(Brooklyn Nine-Nine)

slither为蛇爬行的动作,比enter生动。

2. Oh, honey, I’ve got a spare outfit squirrelled away. (亲爱的,我藏了一套备用的衣服。)

——《广告狂人》(Mad Men)

squirrel away,(像松鼠藏坚果一样)把东西藏起来。

3. Some people, you squeeze them, they focus, others fold. (有些人,你给他们压力,他们能专注做事;还有一些人,你一加压,他们就完蛋了。)

——《魔鬼代言人》(The Devil’s Advocate)

4. Lydia is hoping to carve out a moment with you. (莉迪娅想耽搁您一点时间,和您谈谈。)

——《国务卿女士》(Madam Secretary)

carve out a moment = give her some time from your tight schedule

5. 夫妻俩睡在丈夫小时候睡的床上聊天:

Wife: You are hogging all the covers. (被子全都被你拉过去了。)

Husband: Well, it’s my bed. (我的床,我做主。)

——《我为卿狂》(Mad About You)

hog,(像猪一样)吃独食,独占。

二、描绘具体的情景,制造画面感

1. We have been married for 16 years and I still walk on eggshells around him. (我们结婚16年了,但和他在一起,我还是小心翼翼,如履薄冰。)

——《摩登家庭》(Modern Family)

walk on eggshells,形容谨小慎微。

2. When I see her, my heart goes pitter-patter. (第一次见到她,我就心潮澎湃,不能自已。)

——《我为卿狂》(Mad About You)

pitter-patter,形容连续急促的轻击声,在形容中加入了声音效果。

3. I’m gonna go through your life with a fine comb. (我要仔细调查你的私生活,一个疑点也不会放过。)

——《我为喜剧狂》(30 Rock)

go through life with a fine comb,用细齿的梳子梳一遍。

4. Just as we are on our knees, they are gonna step on our throat. (我们刚一显示出软弱,他们就落井下石,穷追猛打。)

——《指定幸存者》(Designated Survivor)

on our knees,跪地求饶;step on one’s throat,用脚踩脖子。

5. I’ve been waking into walls all week. (整整一个星期我都很迷糊,老撞墙。)

——《黑道家族》(The Sopranos)

本句的意思相当于“I’m not myself all week.”。

6. 老师责怪学生找来的塑料箱子太薄了:

I don’t know, man. This feels kind of flimsy. Any decent acid is gonnna eat right through this. (老兄,你弄来的塑料箱子有点太薄了。只要是正儿八经的硫酸,就会烧穿它。)

——《绝命毒师》(Breaking Bad)

三、使用生动的夸张

1. He walked in, and all the volunteers started drooling. (他走进屋子,志愿者们顿时被他迷倒。)

——《天才医院》(Pure Genius)

start drooling,开始流口水。

2. Must be tough bringing a girl home, with your old lady breathing down your neck like that. (你有那样一个严厉的老娘,把你看得死死的,你要带女孩子回家过夜,我看几乎不可能。)

——《心灵猎人》(Mind Hunter)

breathe down someone’s neck,指对方靠得很近,你的脖子能感受到对方呼出的气息。

3. I will keep my ear to the ground. (我会留意的。)

——《纸牌屋》(House of Cards)

keep one’s ear to the ground,耳听八方,形象、夸张,合二为一。

4. Excuse me, I’m knee-deep in marinara. (抱歉,我满身都是意式番茄酱,不方便和你握手。)

——《六尺之下》(Six Feet Under)

knee-deep,淹没到了膝盖。

四、巧用比喻

1. This bitch stinks, smells like fish and chips and guacamole. (这个臭女人浑身散发出臭味,就像在炸鱼薯条上浇上墨西哥鳄梨酱。)

——《美国X档案》(American History X)

like fish and chips and guacamole,将嗅觉具体、形象化了。

2. Beth is alive, and I intend to keep her that way as long as possible. I’m not going to allow you to strip her for parts like some abandoned car. (贝丝还活着,我要尽最大可能让她活下去。我绝不会让你们把她像废弃的汽车那样拆成碎片。)

——《绝望主妇》(Desperate Housewives)

这是病人家属指责医生的话,说他们不把病人当人看。

3. He uses his wife like a speed bag. (他动不动就拿他妻子出气。)

——《广告狂人》(Mad Men)

speed bag,拳击袋。

五、使用俚俗表达

和别出心裁的夸张和比喻不同,有些俚俗说法由于使用过于频繁,失去了新意,但和那些静态、抽象、模糊的语言相比,仍有可取之处。

1. You look like you patched things up pretty good. Huh?

看来,你们很快就和好了,嗯?

——《摩登家庭》(Modern Family)

patch things up = make up

2. 妻子想写儿童故事,一连好几天也没头绪,做体育记者的丈夫看着怪心疼的。晚上在妻子睡觉的时候,他帮她写好了:

Wife: You did the whole thing. (这个故事都是你写的。)

Husband: I felt bad, because you got stuck. So I rearranged a couple of things. I ironed out some of the rough spots, that’s all. (看到你一筹莫展的样子,我不好受。于是我重新改动了一些东西,把不大通顺的地方理了一下,如此而已。)

——《人人都爱雷蒙德》(Everybody Loves Raymond)

iron out,用熨斗烫平整。

3. I’m trying to keep my heart episode under wraps. (我要尽量不让别人知道我心脏病发作的事情。)

——《我为喜剧狂》(30 Rock)

keep… under wraps,把……用东西盖起来。

4. I’m sorry that I barged in on you. (对不起,我这样冒失地闯进来。)

——《本能》(Instinct)

barge in on = come in without invitation,与进入场所常用的动词enter相比,更强调对特定的对象造成干扰。

* 上海理工大学外语学院教师,上海理工大学公选课《影视英语面面观》课程负责人,译著有《黑暗之影》《金色男孩》《大哉沪江》等。本文选自其著作《魅力光影——英语影视剧台词聚焦》(上海交通大学出版社,2021),有改动。

经典小说推荐

杂志订阅

友情链接